DAEKE COUNTY. 601 



situated upon a large kame of detritus, feeaped up in a great glacial 

 valley. Moreover, Greenville being elevated about thirty feet higher 

 than the creek, the present bed of Greenville Creek must lie sixty-five 

 feet above its ancient rocky channel. The indications, too, are such 

 as to warrant the belief that the junction of the two streams centered 

 somewhere beneath the present location of the town, or a very little to 

 the east. As to the truth of this conclusion, the most forcible evidence 

 is Gard's quarries, which stand up there a solitary rocky pier, dividing 

 the two great currents of Drift, which, ages ago, carved out this rocky 

 basin with the channels of the two streams. 



In three instances, within the county, the streams have cut down 

 through the superficial material to their former beds. At Bierleys, 

 Greenville Creek runs over the Niagara limestone for a quarter of a mile. 

 Mud Creek, at Weaver's Station, iflows over the same rock about half that 

 distance. And Stillwater Creek, in Wayne township, a short distance 

 east of Webster, reveals a smaller extent. 



The excavation above described has evidently been the work of gla- 

 ciers. Though the dip of the rocks at Gard's would, apparently, indicate 

 a fold, yet the universal horizontality of the beds elsewhere, together 

 with the glacial evidences, supports the first supposition. No other 

 agency could have accomplished it. Upon the upper stratum of rock 

 at Gard's quarries, which happened to be sufficiently hard to retain 

 them, excellent examples of glacial striae havebeen preserved. The 

 upper surface, at a fresh exposure, likewise showed^itself well smoothed 

 and polished. These strise bore a direction of about S. 5° W. The 

 Niagara limestone, at Weaver's Station, also shows some faint groov- 

 ings bearing in about the same course. These, I may now remark, 

 are the only glacial markings upon the surface of the embedded rocks 

 that have been observed in the county. The upper layer of limestone, 

 at Bierley's quarries, is too soft to retain them, had any impressions 

 ever been made, and at Webster's no opportunity was afforded to view a 

 freshly exiposed surface. But in the excavation of the public cistern, 

 before spoken of, as, also, in the digging of wells, etc., numbers of very 

 finely striated bowlders have been taken from the lower blue hard-pan or 

 bowlder clay, seemingly to indicate that the same great force which 

 grooved out this rocky basin, was identical with that which ground and 

 polished the bowlders, and transported them where they now are found. 



The superficial deposits of Darke county present about the same gen- 

 eral character as the Drift elsewhere in this section of the State, con- 

 sisting of a mass of clay, sand, and gravel, sometimes stratified, lying i;a 

 regular, separate layers, and at others, jumbled and mixed together in 



