'538 GJEOLOGY OF OHIO. 



-with little sulphur. It is a typical block coal, and most of it is mined 

 , without blasting. There is in the immediate neighborhood of Fairview 

 quite a large area underlaid by a good furnace coal, which should all be 

 saved for use in the smelting-furnace. Southward to Dalton, explora- 

 tions have been made to a considerable extent for this coal, with only 

 negative results, but from all the information obtainable, it is decidedly 

 probable that none of the borings were carried to a sufficient depth to 

 thoroughly test the territory, and there is still here a promising field for 

 further explorations, embracing a large part of Sugar Creek and Union 

 townships. The pipes driven near Apple Creek, to a great depth, with- 

 out striking rock, mark the location of channels of erosion, but these 

 channels have probably noj a great width, and, outside of them, all the 

 coal strata will be found in their proper positions. Exploration for Coal 

 No. 1 is expensive and uncertain, but its very great excellence justifies 

 the expenditure where there is any reasonable hope of success. 



SUB- CARBONIFEROUS CONGLOMERATE. 



The Sub-carboniferous Conglomerate is here quite thin, and its out- 

 crops are not often seen. The western margin of the coal rocks is 

 almost wholly masked by the Drift, so that it can be only approximately 

 located, and on the greater part of this line the presence or absence of 

 the Conglomerate can not be determined. It has here wholly lost the 

 massive character which is seen in Medina and the counties east of it, 

 and approaches in character to the yellow, shaly sandstone below it. Its 

 supposed position is indicated on the map by a red band. It ought not 

 to be regarded as continuous, but as existing in patches of undeter- 

 ■mined extent. 



WAVEELY. 



The strata below the Coal Measures present little of interest to the 

 •geologist, and have no especial characteristics distinguishing them from 

 those on the same horizon in the counties to the west and south-west. 

 The upper part of the Waverly, comprising the olive shales of Richland, 

 Xnox, and Licking counties, is alone exposed, presenting alternate 

 masses of sandy and argillaceous shales, the sandy shales rarely consoli- 

 dated into massive layers or affording good building stone. 



A little to the north of Wooster, about twenty-five feet of the Waverly 

 is exposed in an open quarry, where the material is all yellow sandrock, 

 most of it fine-grained, and some in layers of from one to four feet and 

 more in thickness. All the layers are so crushed and broken that the 

 Jock, so far as exposed, is of comparatively little value. It is probable 



