§16 GEOLOGY OF OHIO. 



No report touching the Second Geological District has provedof more 

 practical value than the one giving the results of our brief labor in this 

 coal-field in 1869. Since that time I have gathered many additional 

 facts. A part of these were gathered while in the employ of the State, 

 and, of course, belong to the State. Many more were obtained while 

 making professional investigations for private parties or companies, who 

 kindly consent to my publishing them in the State Reports. A large 

 number of facts I have gathered, from time to time, at my own private 

 expense. The more important of these facts will be given in this report. 



GEOLOGICAL F0EMATI0N8. 



Those in the descending order are — 



Drift. 



Coal Measures. 



Maxville Limestone. 



Waverly Sandstone Group. 



Waverly. — Only the two upper members of the Waverly Grbup are 

 found within the district now referred to. The lowest of these is the 

 Waverly Conglomerate. This is always a coarse sand-rock, and often- 

 times contains numerous white quartz pebbles. 



The top of this Conglomerate is to be seen near Logan, at the mouth of 

 Scott's creek, and also in larger exposures in the bed of the Hocking 

 River, at the falls, a little above the town. From this latter point the 

 coarse rock rises gradually above the level of the river as we ascend the 

 stream. It forms the cliffs which render the scenery along the banks of 

 the Hocking so picturesque and beautiful. At Lancaster, Mt. Pleasant, 

 a bold isolated cliff, nearly three hundred feet high above the level of 

 the Hocking, represents the Conglomerate portion of the Waverly, here 

 probably somewhat thicker than is usual. 



The Conglomerate ledges on the Licking river at Black Hand also 

 belong to this horizon of the Waverly Group. 



Logan Sandstone. — At Logan, we find overlying the Conglomerate a 

 series of comparatively thin bedded, fine grained sandstones and sandy 

 shales, which are something more than one hundred feet in thickness. 

 These were called in the earlier report the Logan sandstones. The same 

 series of fine grained sandstones and shales is found overlying the Black 

 Hand Conglomerate, and is to be traced along the railroad from Black 

 Hand Station to Pleasant Valley. 



There is no mistaking this Logan sandstone series for any other rocks 

 above the horizon of the Waverly Conglomerate. In lithological char- 

 acteristics, it is totally unlike any sandstones and shales of the produc- 

 tive Coal Measures, and it also contains a different assemblage of fossils. 



