BIEBS — ^TYEANNINAE — ^TYEANNUS CAROLINENSIS. 



171 



Comparative measurements of the species. 



TYEANNUS CAROLINENSIS, Baird. 



King Bird; Bee JMartin. 



Lanius tyratmus, Likn. yst. Nat. 1, 1766, 136. This belongs to the Cuban T. matutinus, according to Bonaparte. 

 MuacUapa tyrannus, (Brisson?) Wilson, Am. Orn. 1, 1808, 66 ; pi. xiii.— Atno. Orn. Biog. I, 1832, 403 : V, 1839, 



420 ; pi. 79 ,- Ib . Birds Amer. 1, 1840, 204 ; pi. 56. 

 Lanius tyrannus, var. y carollinensis, ludovicianus, Gmellen, Syst. Nat. I, 1788, 302. 

 Muscicapa rex. Barton Fragments, N.H. Peima. 1799, 18. 



Tyrannus pipiri, Vieillot, Ois. Am. Sept. I, 1807, 73 ; pl.xliv.— Cab. Journ. Orn. Ill, 1855, 478. 

 Tyrannusintrepidus, Vieillot, Galerte Ois. I, 1824,214!i>l. 133.-Swainson, Mon. Ty. Shrikes Quart. Jour. 1826, 274 

 Muscicapa animosa, Licbt. Verz. Doubl. 1823, No. 558. 

 Gobe Mouche de la Caroline, BurroN, Ois. V, 281 ; enl. pi. 676. 

 Tyrannus leV:Cogaster, Stephe!»b, Shaw Gen. Zool. XIII, ii, 1826, 132. 



Sp. Oh.— Two, sometimes three, outer prlmariea abruptly attenuated at the end. Second quill longest ; third little shorter ; 

 first rather longer than fourth, or nearly equal. Tail slightly rounded. Above dark bluish ash. The top and sides of the head 

 to beneath the eyes bluish black. A concealed crest on the crown, vermilion in the centre, white behind, and before partially 

 mixed with orange. Lower parts pure white, tinged with pale bluish ash on the sides of the throat and across the breast ; sides 

 ofthe breast and under the wings similar to, but rather lighter than, the back. Axillaries pale grayish brown tipped with 

 lighter. The wings dark brown, darkest towards the ends ofthe quills ; the greater coverts and quills edged with white, most so 

 on the tertials ; the lesser coverts edged with paler. Upper tail coverts and upper surface of the tail glossy black, the latter 

 very dark brown beneath -, all the feathers tipped, and the exterior margined externally with white, forming a conspicuous ter- 

 minal band about .25 of an inch broad. Length, 8.50 ; wing, 465 inches ; tail, 3.70 ; tarsus, .75. 



floi.— Eastern North America to Rocky Mountains. West of this seen only in Washington Territory. 



The young of the year is similar ; the colors duller ; the concealed colored patch on the 

 crown, wanting. The tail more rounded ', the primaries not attenuated. 



Specimens vary in the amount of white margining the wing feathers ; the upper tail coverts 

 are also margined sometimes with white. 



