BIRDS — SYLVICOLIDAE — ^PYKANGA AESTIVA. 



301 



Sp. Ch.— Bill shorter than the head.- Second quill longest ; first and third a little shorter. Tail moderately forked. General 

 color of male bright carmine. Wings and tail velvet black, the quills internally edged with white towards the base. Female 

 olive green above, yellowish beneath. Wing and tail feathers brown, edged with olivaceous. Length, 7.40 ; wing, 4.00 ; tail 

 3.00. , 



Hob. — Eastern United States to the Missouri river. 



The young males are colored like tlie females, but generally exhibit more or less of red 

 feathers among the greenish ones. Sometimes the full plumage is varied hy a few yellow 

 feathers, or hy olivaceous edges to the wings. Not unfrequently there is a partly concealed bar 

 of red or yellow (1566) on the wing, across the median coverts. Young males are sometimes 

 seen with the body like the female, the wings and tail like the male. 



List of specimens. 



PYRANGA AESTIVA, V i e i 1 1 o t . 



Summei Red Bird. 



Muscicapa rubra, Linn. Syst. Nat. I, 1766, 326. 



Tanagra aestiva, Gmelin, I, 1788, 889.— Wilson, I, 1810, 95 ; pi. vi, f. 3.— Ann. Orn.Biog. I, 1831, 232 : V, 1839, 



518 ; pi. 44. 

 Pyranga aestiva, Vieill. Nouv. Diet. XXVIII, 1819,291.— Eon. List, 1838.— Ib. Conspectus, 1850.— Aud. Syn. 1839, 

 136.— Jb. Birds Amer. 111,1841, 222 ; pi. 208.— Sclater, Pr. Zool. Soo. 1855, 156.— Ib. 1856, 123. 

 Phoenisoma aestiva, Sw. Birds, II, 1837, 284. 

 Phoenicosoma aestiva, Cabanis, Mua. Hein. 1851, 25. 

 ? Loxia virginica, Gmelin, I, 1788, 849. (Male changing.) 

 ? Tanagra mississippiensis, Gmelin, I, 1788, 889. 

 Tanagra variegata. Lath. Ind. Orn. I, 1790, 422. (Male changing.) 

 Tangare du Mississippi, Bofpon, Ois. V, 63 ; pi. enl. 741. 

 gp. Ch. Bill nearly as long as the head, without any median tooth. Tail nearly even, or slightly rounded. Male, ver- 

 milion red ■ a little darker above, and brightest on the head. Quills brown, the outer webs like the back. Shafts only of the 

 tail feathers brown. Bill light horn color, more yellowish at the edges. Female, olive above, yellow beneath, with a tinge of 

 reddish. Length, 7.20 ; wing, 3.75 ; tail, 3.00. 

 Ha6.— South Atlantic and Gulf States, through Texas, and south to Guatemala. 



The shade of red varies somewhat in the specimen, the shade being sometimes more rose. It 

 is always quite different from that of P. rubra. The female lacks the pure olive and yellow 



