293 



salt ; add three c.c. of urine ; boil for three 

 minutes ; cool ; crystals separate out in a few 

 minutes up to one hour. This is an exceedingly 

 delicate test. 



The Detection of Quinine in the Urine* 



The detection of quinine in the urine is of 

 importance in connexion with the property that 

 this drug has of inducing attacks of haemoglo- 

 binuria (blackwater fever) in patients resident in 

 regions where malaria is especially virulent, and 

 where generally the parasite form is the malignant 

 tertian associated with an extremely high endemic 

 index of native (children) malaria. 



Two hundred c.c of urine are acidified with 

 some drops of sulphuric acid. A spoonful of solid 

 picric acid is then added. The solution is allowed 

 to stand for an hour and then filtered. The solu- 

 tion should be quite clear and should give with 

 a saturated solution of picric acid no turbidity. If 

 there is difficulty in getting a clear filtrate add a 

 trace of egg albumen and filter again. The half-dry 

 residue is then digested in an Erlenmeyer flask 

 with fifty c.c. of 3-0 per cent, soda solution for 

 half-an-hour on the water bath. Now add 

 sixty c.c. chloroform ; shake for two hours in a 

 shaking apparatus. The solution of chloroform, 

 is now removed by means of a separating funnel 

 and collected in a weighed flask. The flask 

 should have a long neck to prevent spurting. 

 Evaporate in a water bath and dry at 120° C The 

 residue is quinine. The experimental error is 

 only one to two per cent. 



* Kletne. Zeitschrift fur Hygiene. BH. xxxvili, H. 3, s. 460. 



