354 



3 M broad. Resembles T. lewisi and T. ventaki. 

 Billet thinks it may be a developmental form of 

 a haemogregarine occurring with it in the blood. 

 5. T. nelsprintense. — In frogs in the Trans- 

 vaal, characterized by its long flagellum, 20-35 /"» 

 giving a total length of 40-70 fi. 



Trypanosomata of Birds 



Though first described in 1888 by Danilew- 

 SKY, our more precise knowledge is due to 

 Laveran. 



1. T. avium. — Occurs in the owl (Syvntum 

 aluco). 33-45 /« long (flagellum included). The 

 undulating membrane is well- developed, and has 

 several folds. The posterior extremity is pointed. 



2. T. johnstoni. —In the blood of Estrelda 

 estrelda in Gambia. It resembles a spirochaete 

 in appearance. There is no free flagellum. {Vide 

 Plate II, Fig. i). 36-38 m long, by i"4-i'6 u broad. 



3. T. paddae. — In the blood of Padda ory- 

 zivora. 30-40 m long, by 5-7 m broad. Posterior 

 end very pointed. Undulating membrane narrow 

 and folded, but difficult to stain. Division takes 

 place longitudinally. Pathogenic (?). 



Other trypanosomes have been described by 

 various observers in many different birds. The 

 trypanosomes are, generally, scarce. Danilewsky 

 states that while rare in the blood, trypanosomes 

 may be abundant in the bone-marrow. 



4. T. noctuae. — In the blood of an owl {Athene 

 noctua) occur halteridium-like bodies. They are 

 male and female (and hermaphrodite), and have 

 the appearances in fresh and stained preparations 

 which characterize other gametes. According to 

 the remarkable work of Schaudinn, these so-called 



