52 FOKEST RESEKVE MANUAL. 



lengths will not be allowed. The Old Scribner rule will be 

 used in all cases. 



Ties need only to be counted; and are reckoned as follows: 

 8-foot ties, standard face, 33^ feet B. M., each; 

 6-foot ties, standard face, 25 feet B. M., each. 



Posts, poles, and piles are measured by linear feet, the val- 

 uation per foot increasing according to the length and size of 

 the stick. ' 



Shake and shingle-bolt material is measured by the cord. 



Squared timbers are scaled by their actual contents in board 

 feet with no allowance for saw kerf. Thus, an 8 by 12 inch 

 16-foot stick contains 128 feet B, M. 



Unsound or crooked logs should be scaled down to repre- 

 sent their actual contents of merchantable material. In order, 

 however, to restrain purchasers from unnecessary waste, all 

 partially unsound but merchantable stuff should be scaled, 

 whether removed or not. In ground-rotten timber, butts 

 which, though decaj'ed at heart, contain good lumber toward 

 the outside are frequently left in the woods. Where such 

 material will pay for sawing, the forest officer will scale it at 

 what he considers its true value and include it in the amount 

 purchased. 



Logs with elliptical cross section should be scaled on the 

 average diameter; flats and lagging on the widest diameter. 

 All scaling is inside of bark. 



In the absence of a log rule, or where the position of logs 

 in the pile makes its use difficult, the diameters and lengths 

 may be tallied and the contents figured from a scale table 

 later. 



When possible the purchaser shall be required to mark top 

 ends of logs to avoid question when they are scaled in the pile. 

 The forest officer should insist on having one end of piles or 

 skidways even, so that ends of logs may be easily accessible. 

 Where there is difficulty in ascertaining lengths of piled logs, 

 two men should work together. 



When scaled, each stick of saw logs, timbers, ties, lagging, 

 posts, poles, or piles must be stamped with the United States 

 mark on at least one end, and on both when possible. Cord 

 material, such as wood or bolts, must be stamped at both top 

 and bottom of piles and at least 12 pieces in each cord must 

 be stamped. 



