3o8 THE ANTIQUITIES 



obtained; because from such relationship favour and 

 affection, nepotism, and undue influence, arise, to the 

 injury and detriment of religious institutions.^ 



Item 26th. The visitor herein severely reprimands the 

 canons for appearing publicly in what would be called in 

 the universities an unstatutable manner, and for wearing 



of boots, "caligae de Burneto, et sotularium in 



ocrearum loco, ad modum sotularium."'^ 



It is remarkable that the bishop expresses more warmth 

 against this than any other irregularity; and strictly 

 enjoins them, under pain of ecclesiastical censures, and 

 even imprisonment if necessary (a threat not made use of 

 before), for the future to wear boots, "ocreis seu botis," 

 according to the regular usage of their ancient order. 



Item 29th. He here again, but with less earnestness, 

 forbids them foppish ornaments, and the affectation of 

 appearing like beaux with garments edged with cosdy furs, 

 with fringed gloves, and silken girdles trimmed with gold 

 and silver. It is remarkable that no punishment is 

 annexed to this injunction. 



* " The relationship between sponsors and their god-children, who 

 were called spiritual sons and daughters, was formerly esteemed much 

 more sacred than at present. The presents at christenings were some- 

 times very considerable : the connection lasted through life, and was 

 closed with a legacy. This last mark of attention seems to have been 

 thought almost indispensable : for, in a will, from whence no extracts 

 have been given, the testator left every one of his god-children a bushel 

 of barley." — Sir John Cullum's Hist, of Hawsted. 



" D. Margaretae filiae Regis primogenitae, quam filiolam, quia ejus in 

 baptismo compater fiait, appellat, cyphum aureum et quadraginta libras, 

 legavit." — Archbishop Parker de Antiquitate Eccles. Brit, speaking of 

 Archbishop Morton. 



^ Du Fresne is copious on caligae of several sorts. " Hoc item de 

 Clericis, presertim beneficiatis : caligis scacatis (chequered) rubeis, et 

 viridibus publice utentibus dicimus esse censendum." Statut. Eccles. 

 Tutel. The chequered boots seem to be the highland plaid stockings. — 

 "Buinetum, i.e. Brunetum, pannus non ex land nativi colons confectus." 

 — " Sotularium, i.e. subtalaris quia sub talo est. Peculium genus, quibus 

 maxime Monachi nocte utebantur in aestate : in hyeme vero Soccis." 



This writer gives many quotations concerning Sotularia, which were 

 not to be made too shapely; nor v/sie the caligae to be laced on too 

 nicely. 



