jKi Pisiascs (>/ llir (inii/a/ (>/l:ii/i.s 



over may \h'^ the final (hrision as l.o the HiKiiifi''ii'"c<' <•'' '^"' 

 nodular venenud disease!, tiicse dcliniU' injuries siioiiid be 

 recognized and rirev(!nl.iv(' or ameiioraUve rric^fisurc'S a|)f)li(ul. 



The prognosis of the nodular v('ner('al disease is k<>"'J- 't 

 can not be definitely cured by any known means, but it may 

 be controlled and its power I'or harm mitigated, it is im- 

 practicable at pres(tnt to [jHivent it wholly, i)ul- the i)rotier 

 handling of new-born calves do<;s, for all practical purposeis, 

 render it harmless so far as now known. The handling of 

 the nodular venereal dis(!ase is itased upon ar)r)li<'ati(iri of 

 adequate measuri'S for the healthy niaring of calves and for 

 sex hygiene in adults. 



('onsidering the nodular vener(!al dis('ase as one which at- 

 tacks the new-born (-alf and continues throughout the ani- 

 mal's life, the most fundamental necessity is to grow the 

 calf so that the infection will not devc^lo)) in a serious form. 

 This can be done only Vjy strict attcintion 1,o th(' fe(H]ing and 

 other hygienic (juestions, which will be more thoroughly 

 discussed in Section '■> of I'art III, under "(Jongcmital In- 

 fections of Calves." Ih're the invasion may be controlh'd 

 in such a manner that it t(!nds to prott'ct the animal against 

 the mon- severe type of the disease during its adult life. 



The disease is so highly infei^tious, how(!V(T, that the ul- 

 timate control must include proper s('x hygien<' in the adult 

 of each sex. In the bull the handling of th(; nodular vc^ne- 

 real disease resolves iincM' into the control of balanitis, or 

 balano-posthitis. Ucrc handling should \h: previ'ntivf^ or 

 controlling rather than curative. It is just as ni'(;(!ssary to 

 control the dis('ase from the standpoint of s('condary as from 

 that of the primary disease it,self. If thi' disease is \>i'.r- 

 mitted to acquire great intensity, so that the summits of 

 the nodules become denuded of their epithelium, a gaf/sway 

 for various infections is op'-n'-'l, imperiling the sex hi'alth 

 of the animal. The breeding bull should always be viewi^d 

 from the standpoint of a male which is expected to copulate 

 with an indefinite number of femali's, each of which, since 

 she may bear infections within her genital tract, is a poten- 

 tial danger for the male. He in turn, after such exposure, 

 carries an equal peril for the female. 



