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The James Complete Manger 



(PATENTED) 



Not only does the James Complete Manger enable you to feed each cow 

 individually, preventing underfeeding and overfeeding and troubles incident 

 thereto; but it also does away with the labor required in keeping a rigid manger 

 clean; prevents waste of feed; ehmmates the principal cause of big knees; and 

 prevents abortion and other injuries brought on when straining for feed thrown 

 out of the cow's reach or belonging to her neighbor. 



Successful dairymen seem to agree that, to get the best results, each cow 

 must be fed separately. 



Scarcely any two cows in a herd require the same amount of feed; and it 

 IS just as bad for a cow to get too much as too little. 



A cow that gets too much feed may be put out of the profit class for a 

 month. 



You can't feed your cows individually on a level floor or in the continuous 

 trough. The cow that eats fastest gets too much and the slow eater next to 

 her gets too little. 



Neither produces what she would if fed individually and the heavy eater 

 IS likely to be ruined. 



Besides overfeeding or underfeeding your cows to their injury and your 

 loss, you waste feed by such a method. 



The necessity for individual mangers in order to feed correctly was 

 demonstrated forcefully at the National Dairy Shows. In the feeding test 

 department, the exhibitors using stalls without mangers were required to put in 

 temporary individual mangers. Otherwise they could not meet the conditions 

 of the competition; thus proving conclusively that some kind of a manger 

 division is necessary. 



Without a manger division, it is impossible to feed scientifically, giving 

 each cow the particular combination of feeds, as well as the particular amount, 

 on which she will best thrive and produce the greatest yield. 



Big Knees on Dairy Cows 



The principal cause, almost the sole cause, of big knees on dairy cows, is 

 the method of feeding in flat bottomed mangers or without any manger at all. 



If you feed that way, watch your cows. To get all their feed they are 

 obliged to go to their knees to reach it. The knees strike the curb or floor, 

 and, standing in this position for a considerable time during each feeding, the 

 cow develops big or sore knees. 



