46 
ORDER XIII. VIOLACES: 
Herbaceous plants, or shrubs: leaves alternate, rarely oppo= 
site, stipulaté: vernation invélute: sépals 5, persistent, imbii- 
cated in estivation: petals 5, usually unéqual, hypogynous, 
withering: stamens alternate with the petals, occasionally oppo- 
site: anthers 2-celled bursting inwardly: filaments dilated, and 
elongated beyond the anthers, two, where the flowers are irré- 
gular, bearing an apperidage at théir base: ovary 1-celled, many- 
seeded, with three parietal placentz: style with an oblique, 
hooded stigma: capsule 3-valved: seéds definite or indefinite, 
roundish, or winged: embryo straight, erect, albuminous, 
GENUS I. VIOLA. 
Pentandria Monogynia. Sex: Syst: 
Deriv. The Latin name for the flowers; 
Gy. Cuar. Low annual or perennial plants - with alternate, 
withering leaves: peduncles solitary, 1-flowered, with 2 recurved, 
afterwards erect, bracteoles at the apex: sepals more or less auricled 
at the base: corolla irregular, the lowest petal produeed into a spur 
at the base: stamens approximate, with very short and distinct 
filaments which are dilated at the base and bear the anthers low 
down in their inner side, the two lower ones produced into a spur 
at the base: capsule 3-valved: the valves elastic and seattering the 
ripe seeds, 
(1) V. Parrinur. (Dec. ) 
Ident. W. & A. prod. I. p. 82.—Dec. prod. I. p, 293. 
Syn. V. Chinensis, G. Don.—V. primulefolia, Linn.—Lour. jie 
Cochin. II. p. 628. 
Sprc. Cuan. Root woody, with a hardish trunk : leaves oblong- 
lanceolate, crenated, truncate at the base: petioles winged, longer 
than the leaf: stipules adhering to the petiole for half their length : 
sepals lanceolate: stigma rostrate, triangular: valves of the fruit 
straightish : flowers yellow, ; 
Neilgherries. 
(2) V. Wicuriawa. (Wall. ) 
Ident. W.& A. prod. I. p. 32. 
Engrav, Wight’s Spicil, t, 11,—Wight’s Ic, t, 943, 
