LEYLAND HUNDRED 



were in the village, some little way to the south- 

 west.i 



William Adam Hulton (1802-87), judge of Preston 

 County Court, long resided in the township. He 

 edited the Whalley Coucher and Pentvortham Priory for 

 the Chetham Society. The lych-gate of the church- 

 yard is a memorial to him. 



Owing to its proximity to Preston and its pleasant 

 situation by the Ribble the township has recently 

 grown in population, and several handsome residences 

 have been erected. Penwortham Hall, formerly 

 called the 'Lodge,' was built in 1800 by John 

 Horrocks, founder of the Preston cotton manufacture, 

 and was sold by his son Peter to William Marshall, 

 whose son Frederick died in 1889, leaving it to his 

 sister, wife of the Rev. T. Ross Finch. ^ 



In 1 066 King Edward held PSN- 

 BAR ONr WOR THJM, in which were two plough- 

 MJNORS lands rendering loa'. By 1086 a castle 

 had been built, and there were 2 ploughs 

 in the demesne and 6 burgesses, 3 radmans, 8 villeins 

 and 4 oxherds, who in all had 4 ploughs. The moiety 

 of the fishery, woodland and e}ries of hawks remained 



PENWORTHAM 



as in the time of King Edward, but the value was ^"3.8 

 The two plough-lands may have been Penwortham 

 and Howick. The castle is commemorated by Castle 

 Hill, near the church, but nothing further is known 

 of its history or of the borough which seems to be 

 implied by the record of burgesses. 



It was probably early in the next century that 

 Penwortham became the head of a barony held by 

 Warine Bussel, apparently the Warine who in 1086 

 held half a hide in West Derby Hundred and two 

 plough-lands in Salford. The barony included a large 

 part of Leyland Hundred, with many manors out- 

 side it, and was in 1205 acquired by Roger de Lacy, 

 afterwards descending like Clitheroe to the Earls and 

 Dukes of Lancaster and to the Crown.^ 



In the 1 6th century there were many disputes as 

 to the suit and service due to the court of Penwor- 

 tham from the members of the fee.^ 



In 1628 the royal manor was sold by Charles I to 

 Edward Ditchfield and others,* and shortly after- 

 wards was acquired by the Faringtons of Worden in 

 Leyland.'' It has since descended like this estate. 

 Courts were held till recently, and numerous court 



1 Lanes, and Ches. Antiq. Soc. xvii, 5, 6. 

 A. Hewitson, writing in 1872, says : 

 ' Before the new Burials Regulation Act 

 came into operation. Catholics, whenever 

 they had a funeral in Penwortham 

 churchyard, used to halt with the corpse 

 at a point opposite this cross, then kneel 

 down and offer up short prayers. On 

 the western side of the church there is a 

 spring of water called St. Anne's Well ' ; 

 Our Country Churches, 6. There was 

 formerly the pedestal of another cross 

 about a mile west of the church. 



2 Information of Mr. Finch. 



3 V.C.H. Lana. i, 287*. 



* The story of the barony is told 

 ibid. 335-6. For details of the infeudations 

 made by the Bussels see Lanes, Inq, 

 and Extents (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), 

 i, 35-6. 



In 1259 Lawrence del Brook, on 

 behalf of the king, charged Robert 

 Banastre and a large number of others 

 with having cut down trees in the wood of 

 Penwortham and carried the timber away ; 

 Curia Regis R. 164, m. 6 ; 16;, m. 7. 



Henry de Lacy in 1292 had wreck of 

 the sea, infangenthef, &c., at Penwor- 

 tham ; Plac. de Quo Warr. (Rec. Com.), 

 382. He received a grant of free 

 warren there in 1294 ; Charter R. 87 

 (22 Edw. I), m. II, no. 23. 



Accounts of the manor and lordship 

 for 1296 and 1305 have been printed by 

 the Chetham Society in De Lacy Compoti, 

 9, 105. The farm of the assarts and 

 cottiers was in one year ,^2 4J. Zd, ; 

 Adam Ploket paid 231. rent for his land ; 

 the demesne meadows and fishery were 

 let for ^8 131. 4(/., to be increased to 

 ;^9 6j. id., and a plot between the 

 priory and the mote hall rendered \d. 

 The herbage of Middleforth produced 

 15^. ; peat sold, 4J. ; iines for entering 

 lands, 151, 4if. ; fees of court, £y 14s. ^. ; 

 while Thomas de Leyland paid 30J. for 

 the beadlery of Penwortham. 



The inquest after the death of Henry 

 de Lacy in 13 11 shows another valua- 

 tion. The capital messuage at Pen- 

 wortham was valued at 2s. yearly, and 

 the perquisites of the three weeks' 

 court at 405. ; the fees of the serjeanty 

 of the court were worth 6j. %d. The 

 fishery in the Ribble was the most 



valuable part of the estate, being worth 

 ,^6 1 31. Sfd. a year, and then came the 

 24 acres of meadow, worth ^^3 i 2j. The 

 rents of free tenants, as recorded, show 

 that Thomas de Leyland paid u. for an 

 oxgang of land ; Adam Ploket 20s. for 

 one assart and 3J. xd. for a second. See 

 De Lacy Inq. (Chet. Soc), 20-22. 



Accounts for 1323 will be found in 

 Lanes, Inq. and Extents, ii, 194. The 

 farm of the assarts and oxgangs was 

 £i 13J. loi. ; the herbage of Middle- 

 forth produced 31. ; the rent of Black- 

 shaw was 26s, ^d.\ charcoal sold, \zd. ; 

 turves, loj. 5 perquisites of the court 

 amounted to £(1 gs. $d. ; farm of the 

 serjeanty, 33s. ^.d. 



In 1327 and later the manor was part 

 of Queen Isabel's land ; Cal.Pat. 1327—30, 

 p. 69; Q.R. Memo. R. 143, m. 4d. 



In 1341-2 the receipts of the farms 

 of the oxgangs and assarts amounted to 

 53s. A plot of land between the priory 

 and the hall of pleas yielded id., while 

 repairs to the latter building cost 45. 6d. 

 For agistment of beasts in the wood of 

 Middleforth 31. -^d. was received. The 

 demesne meadows and fishings were let 

 to farm at £6 14s. ^d. Court fees and 

 perquisites amounted to ,^4 js. zd. ; 

 Mins. Accts. bdle. 1091, no. 6. 



The Dowager Queen Isabel, who held 

 the Lacy manors from 1327, resigned 

 those of Penwortham, Tottlngton and 

 Rochdale in 1348 to Henry Earl of Lan- 

 caster ; Close R. 22 Edw. Ill, pt. ii, m. 5. 



Henry Duke of Lancaster in 1358 

 demised the fishery and demesne meadows 

 to Adam de Skillicorn for six years at a 

 rent of only £^ ; Dep. Keeper's Rep. 

 xxxii, App. 338. 



In 1401 the custody of the moss was 

 given to Henry de Howick and Roger de 

 Werden for thirty years, at a total rent 

 of 651. ; ibid, xl, App. 530. 



A list of tenants in various parts of 

 Penwortham fee is printed in Farrer's 

 Clitheroe Court Rolls, 502-3. 



Henry Waring was made bailiff, during 

 pleasure, in 1444 ; Dep. Keeper's Rep. 

 xl, App. 537. Sir John Booth had a 

 lease of the manor in 1508 ; Duchy of 

 Lane. Misc. Bks. xxi, 6ia. 



See, for bounds. Lanes, and Ches. Rec. 

 (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 24 ; ii, 



57 



278 ; and for a survey in the time of 

 James I, ibid, ii, 239. 



^ See Ducatm Lane. (Rec. Com.), 

 passim. William Cowper, a bailiff, dis- 

 trained two CQW3 belonging to James 

 Anderton of Euxton in 1537 while the 

 people were at chapel, and a rescue 

 followed. Sir William Molyneux seema 

 to have endeavoured to withdraw his suit 

 and service. The same Sir William had 

 taken to his house at Sefton certain casks 

 of wine cast ashore from a wreck at Kirk- 

 dale, parcel of the fee of Penwortham ; 

 Ducky Rec. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), 



Sir Henry Farington, as the king's 

 steward, complained in 1543 that Peter 

 Farington had assembled a number of 

 armed men within the lordship and for- 

 bidden them to wear the red rose or be 

 sworn to serve the king. It appeared 

 that Sir Thomas Langton had summoned 

 them as his tenants to wear the Maiden's 

 Head (his badge) and accompany him in 

 the expedition against the Scots ; ibid, ii, 

 185, 189. 



William Charnock, farmer of the fee 

 in 1544, complained that whereas the 

 tenants of Whittingham had done suit 

 and service at Penwortham, being there 

 presented and fined for any 'assaults, 

 frays, bloodwipes, assizes of bread, ale, 

 and all other misdemeanors,' Thomas 

 Leyland and others had levied unlawful 

 fines upon the tenants ; ibid, ii, 200. 



About 1590 William Farington, the 

 farmer of the royal manor and bailiwick 

 of Penwortham, complained that tenants 

 had refused to pay the fines levied in the 

 leet court, and that 'rescues ' had been 

 made of goods distrained ; Duchy of Lane. 

 Plead. Eliz. cl, F 6. He made a similar 

 complaint in 1602, pointing out that if 

 the court fines could not be recovered he 

 would be at a serious loss, having to ' pay 

 a heavy rent for the manor ' ; ibid. cclJ, 

 F 10. 



^ Pat. 4 Chas. I, pt. xxxiv ; the lordship 

 or manor with the whole bailiwick. It 

 would appear from this grant that Henry 

 Grey Duke of Suffolk, attainted 1554, 

 had formerly held the manor. 



^ In 1679, in a fine concerning the 

 manor of Penwortham, Hugh Dicconson 

 was plaintiff and Henry Farington and 



