LEYLAND HUNDRED 



STAND I SH 



stone grit ashlar in large blocks, and having a Doric 

 portico on its east or entrance front. The building, 

 however, dates back to the 17th century, and in the 

 cellai-s the work of that period is siill to be seen, 

 some of the doorways, mullioned windows and four- 

 centred arched fireplace openings still remaining 

 below the present ground lex'el. So much alteration 

 has taken place, however, in modern times, and also 

 apparently in the 1 8th century, that the plan of the 

 1 7th-century house cannot be well determined, but 

 the evidence of the work still existing in the base- 

 ment seems to indicate a brick building with stone 

 dressings erected probably on three sides of a court- 

 yard which was open on the west. The site is close 

 to the River Yarrow, here a small stream flowing past 

 the house in a southerly direction on the west side 

 in a wooded ravine, but is probably not that of the 

 mediaeval house, no vestige of which remains.' 

 The building preserves to some extent what was 

 probably its original disposition round a centre 

 courtyard, having an east front 80 ft. in length and 

 north and south wings extending westward 90 ft. 

 and 97 ft. 6 in. respectively. There appears, how- 

 ever, to have been a remodelling of the house, if not 

 more than one, before the exterior was faced with 

 ashlar about 1 828,' though it is possible that the 

 handsome circular cantilever stone staircase, which is 

 23 ft. 6 in. in diameter, may date from the same 

 period. It has the appearance, however, of being 

 18th-century work, and probably occupies the 

 greater part of the original courtyard. The external 

 walls of the house are 3 ft. thick, the gritstone facing 

 probably hiding a good deal of 1 7th-century brick- 

 work. The windows are all modern sashes, and the 

 roofs, which are low pitched behind stone parapets, 

 are covered with green slates. The south front faces 

 on to a flower garden and from the east there are 

 fine views of the Anglezarke moors. The kitchen 

 and offices are in the north-west wing. A stone 

 panel preserved in the entrance hall bears the 

 Standish arms and the date 1623. The north wing 



was partly destroyed by fire and the rest of the 

 building much da;iiaged on 2 March 1859, but was 

 rebuilt in 1S61. To the west of the house is a fine 

 barn about 1 00 ft. long by 28 ft. wide externally, 

 built round six pairs of crooks, resting on stone bases. 

 The walls are of brick except on the east side, which is 

 faced in stone, and the roof is covered with stone slates. 



Captain Miles Standish, one of the earl)' Puritan 

 settlers in New England, is supposed to have been of 

 the family of Standish of Duxbury.' 



Though the principal Duxbury family lost its 

 holding to the Standishes, another family * using the 

 local surname, perhaps a branch of the former, con- 

 tinued to hold an estate in the township ' until the 

 1 6th century, when it was sold to the Standishes of 

 Standish.' 



The estate is probably that now known as Eller- 

 beck. This was owned .1 cen- 

 tury ago by John Hodson of 

 North Hall, Worthington, 

 who represented Wigan as a 

 Tory fi-om 1802 to 1820, his 

 son, James Alex.inder Hodson, 

 being member from 1820 to 

 1831.' Ellerbeck went to 

 the representati\'e of the 

 father's sister, Jane, who had 

 married Richard Cardwell of 

 Blackburn.' Her younger son 

 Edward, principal of St. Alban 

 Hall, Oxford, was a Church 

 historian' ; a grandson, 

 Edward, son of John Card- 

 well, attained a distinguished 

 position in the State, having 



among other offices held that of Chancellor of the 

 Duchy of Lancaster 1861 to 1864, and being raised 

 to the peerage in 1 874 as Viscount Cardwell of 

 Ellerbeck.'" He died in 1886, and his trustees are 

 the owners of this estate and of others in the sur- 

 rounding townships. 



Cardwell, Viscount 

 Cardwell. Argent a 

 cheveron sable, in base a 

 maiden's head erased 

 proper crOTvned or on a 

 chief of the second fwo 

 like maidens^ heads. 



* The site of the former house may 

 have been nearer the stream dose to the 

 mill ; Manch. City News N, and Q. v, 

 62. 



* Twycross, Mansions of Engl, and 

 Wales (Lanes, i, 45), where two views of 

 the house are given. 



' He died about 1649. He is still 

 famous in New England, where his memory 

 is preserved by Longfellow's * Courtship 

 of Miles Standish.' The story that he 

 was the true heir of Duxbury was in 

 print shortly after his death ; Lanes, and 

 Ches. Hist, and Gen. Notes, ii, 30. 



* Robert son of Uctred de Duxbury 

 granted to Hugh son of Adam de Dirley 

 land held of the Hospitallers by a charter 

 probably -iated about 1260; Kuerden 

 MSS. iii, E 4. 



John son of Robert de Duxbury gave 

 land called Littlehead to his brother Wil- 

 liam ; the bounds touched Chamock ; 

 Standish D. (Mrs. Tempest's abstract), 

 no. 3 . Among the witnesses were Adam 

 de Duxbury and Ralph de Standish. 



A Richard son of Hugh de Duxbury 

 was defendant in a plea regarding land in 

 1331 J De Banco R. 325, m. 288 d. The 

 plaintiffs were Adam son of Roger de 

 Dinkedley and Joan his wife, in respect 

 of the latter's dower. 



A year later Edmund son of Roger 



Baret claimed three messuages, 30 acres 

 of land, &c., in Duxbury against Robert 

 de Prescot and Richard son of Hugh 

 Dawmogh of Duxbury, who had entry by 

 Robert ; Assize R. 1435, m. 48 d. 



Thomas son of Richard son of Hugh 

 de Duxbury occurs in 1386 ; Final Cone. 

 iii, 2^. 



* John de Duxbury occurs in 1429 ; 

 Pal. of Lane. Plea R. 2, m. 7. 



Ughtred de Duxbury, gent., and various 

 others, including John son of Ughtred de 

 Duxbury and Robert son of John de Dux- 

 bury, were in 1445 accused of breaking 

 the close of Henry de Broadhurst at 

 Anglezarke ; Pal. of Lane. Plea R. 7, 

 m. 6b I 12, m. 10. A contemporary 

 rental of Ughtred de Duxbury has been 

 preserved, giving the names of five tenants 

 who together paid 86j, rent and rendered 

 fourteen days' * shearing ' and eleven 

 capons ; Standish D. (Mrs. Tempest's 

 abstract), no. 144. Provision was in 

 1448-9 made for the marriage of Richard 

 son of Ughtred de Duxbury with Elizabeth 

 daughter of Adam de Fairdough ; Kuerden 

 MSS. iii, C 7. 



In 151; Ughtred Duxbury gave his 

 lands in Duxbury, Chorley, Adlington, 

 Holland, &c., to his uncles Matthew and 

 Humphrey Standish as trustees ; Standish 

 D. {Local Glean.), no. 120, 123. 



21 I 



* Thomas son and heir of Ughtred 

 Duxbury in 1 520 sold Alddall and other 

 lands in Duxbury to Ralph Standish of 

 Standish ; ibid. no. 248, 252, 254. Two 

 years later he sold Highfield to the same, 

 and in 1524 he sold him Duxbury Hall 

 and various lands ; ibid. no. 259, 271-3, 

 277, 283 ; see also no. 353. 



Ralph Standish's lands in Duxbury were 

 in 1539 found to be hdd of James Stan- 

 dish by a rent of %d. ; Duchy of Lane. 

 Inq. p.m. viii, no. 21. In 1610 a rent 

 of zod. was due from Edward Standish 

 to the lord of Duxbury ; Lanes. Inq. 

 p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 

 190. 



*Awdo' is in Ellerbeck Park. 



' Pink and Beaven, Pari. Repre. of 

 Lanes. 2 3 7-g. There is a memorial tablet 

 in Standish Church recording the death 

 of John Hodson of Ellerbeck on 11 Mar. 

 1828 J it was erected by * Richard Card- 

 well, derk, the nephew to whom he 

 devised his estates.' 



^ Abram, Blackburn, 391. 



' See Diet. Xat. Biog. 



"^ His great achievement was his reform 

 of the army system while he \vas Secre- 

 tary' of State for War, 1868-74. See 

 Diet. Xat. Biog. ; G.E.C. Complete Peerage, 

 ii, 144. He resided at Nightingale House 

 in Heath Chamock. 



