A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE 



About one-half of the total area of the hundred was demesne land of the 

 lord, of which part was let to farm for term of years, part was in the hands of 

 tenants at will, customary tenants and tenants holding in bondage, and a great 

 part was forest or chase." Of the remainder of the hundred about a half was 

 in the hands of tenants holding by knight's service, and another half in the 

 hands of free tenants holding in thegnage." Owing to the destruction of the 

 early halmote rolls of the honor of Clitheroe it is not possible to trace the 

 evolution of the copyhold tenants of the Tudor period from the tenants at will, 

 customary tenants and tenants in bondage of the 13th and 14th centuries, but 

 a fragment of a halmote roll for the year 1377 shows that the predecessor of 

 the later copyholder was then holding his land ' according to the custom of 

 the manor ' and was subject to by-laws similar to those found in force in the 

 Tudor period. ^^ In the demesne manors a great increase of value is observable 

 between 1242 and 1346 owing to the improvement of land taken from the 

 waste. The manors held in demesne were Colne, Great and Little Marsden, 

 Briercliffe, Burnley, Ightenhill, Habergham, Padiham, Huncoat, Hapton, 

 Accrington, Haslingden, Downham, Worston, Chatburn and Little Pendle- 

 ton.^^ The forests or chases were Pendle, Trawden, Accrington, Rossendale, 

 Hoddlcsden and Ramsgreave.'** The manors held in thegnage were Twiston, 

 Chipping, Thornley, Wheatley, Ribchester, Dutton, Dinckley, Henthorn, 

 Wilpshire, Clayton-lc-Dale, Salesbury,Osbaldeston, Samlesbury, Read, Simons- 

 tone, Oswaldtwistle, Livesey, Birtwistle, Church, Cliviger and Worsthorne.'^ 

 The manors held by knight's service have already been tabulated in the 

 chapter on the Feudal Baronage.'^ A few small estates were held by 

 serjeanty.^' 



In 1066 King Edward held the hundred with demesne lands rated at 

 3^ hides or 21 plough-lands. The remainder of the hundred, consisting of 

 28 manors, was held by 28 freemen or thegns and was rated at 73 plough- 

 lands. Aft-er the Conquest Roger of Poitou gave the hundred in its entirety 

 to Roger de Busli and Albert Grelley,^ but afterwards, probably in the reign 

 of Rufus, it was given to Ilbert de Lacy lord of Pontefract and of the 

 region of Bowland which adjoins this hundred on the north-west. 



The hundred with the honor of Clitheroe followed the descent of the 

 barony of Lacy, as described in the chapter on the Feudal Baronage, until 

 the termination of the Lacy family in the male line in 131 i, when it passed 

 by the terms of the settlement made in 1294 ^' to Thomas Earl of Lancaster, 

 becoming an integral part of the earldom of Lancaster, and later the duchy 

 ot Lancaster. From the attainder of the earl in 1322 ^^ until the beginning 



1^ See r.C.H. Lanes, ii, ' Forestry.' 



^* De Lacy Compoti (Chet. ioc.), passim ; Lanes. Inq. and Extents, ii, 2-18. 



^' Farrer, Court R. of tie Honor of Clitheroe, i, 3 et seq. 



^^ Lanes. Inq. and Extents, i, 156-7, 213-17; De Lacy Comp. passim. Of these Huncoat, Hapton 

 and Downham were eventually granted out of the demesne. 



1^ De Z..-1 V Comp. passim. Musbury, though detached from Rossendale, formed part of that forest. 



1'^ Lanes. Inq. and Extents, i, 217-18. HoUinbooths, Beardwood and Barnside were probably held at 

 fee farm. Twiston and Livesey were partly held by knight's service. 



l« r.C.H. Lanes, i, 303-4. 



'' In Ribchester, Worston, Osbaldeston and Simonstone ; Lanes. Inq. and Extents i 216-18 



=« J\C.H. Lanes, i, 286*, 287^. 



" Ibid. 



-- Alice de Lac)', relict of Thomas Earl of Lancaster, had an assignment of 500 marks a year out of 

 lands in the hundred and elsewhere in 1322 ; Cal. Pat. 1321-4, pp. 178, 183. 



232 



