BLACKBURN HUNDRED 



WHALLEY 



Some later records of disturbances of the fairs are 

 found," but on the whole the town's course has been 

 quiet. 



Henry VI, after the battle of Hexham, wandered 

 about the Bowland district, finding a refuge at 

 Bolton-by-Bowland and Waddington. At the latter 

 place he was betrayed and captured by John Talbot 

 of Salesbury and others in 1464. They assaulted 

 the hall, but the deposed king escaped, and after 

 crossing the Ribble by Brungerley Hipping-stones 

 was overtaken and captured on the Lancashire side, 

 less than a mile north of the castle.' He was thence 

 carried bound to London and imprisoned in the 

 Tower. 



Ecclesiastically Clitheroe and the adjacent town- 

 ships of Chatburn, Worston and Mearley formed a 

 chapelry in the parish of Whalley, but the castle 

 with the forest of Pendle formed a peculiar or extra- 

 parochial jurisdiction, known as the Castle Parish. 



An occurrence in Clitheroe Church in 1520 caused 

 some scandal. Nicholas Ranfurthe the miller, accused 

 of excessive toll-taking, at the time of the elevation 

 of the Body of Christ used to throw himself to the 

 earth and bury his face and his eyes instead of logkmg 

 up to it, whereby it appeared that he must be a 

 heretic or schismatic, and the Pendleton jury pre- 

 sented that it would afford an evil and grave example 

 if he were not punished. He was accordingly fined 

 6s. 8^.8 



The Lancashire witches were connected with the 

 adjacent Pendle Forest district, and Margaret Pearson, 

 one of those brought to trial in 16 1 2, was sentenced 

 ro stand in the pillory at Clitheroe and other towns. 



The county lay of 1624, founded on the old 

 fifteenth, shows that Clitheroe and the neighbouring 

 townships paid as follows when the hundred was 

 required to raise ^£100 : Clitheroe, ^^3 11/. 6d. ; 

 Chatburn, 19/. i^<^. ; Worston, £1 is. jd. ; and 

 Mearley, izs. o^J.^ The borough was assessed at 

 £y 10s. for ship money in 1635.1° 



The castle was held for the king for a brief space 

 in 1644,11 when Prince Rupert placed Captain 

 Cuthbert Bradkirk of Wrea in charge, ' a man of 

 small account and no good carriage,' who repaired it 

 about the gateway and stocked it with provisions.!^ 

 After Marston Moor he abandoned it, and the castle 

 was then occupied by the Parliament and in 1 649 in 

 great part destroyed.i^ 



Between 1666 and 1669 five halfpenny tokens 

 were issued by Clitheroe traders. 1^ The Revolution 

 passed by without noteworthy incident. The parlia- 

 mentary representation became degraded to that of a 

 pocket borough. 



The burning of lime was regulated by a decree 

 made about 1600.1' Quarrying and lime-burning 

 continue to be among the chief trades of the district. 

 The cotton manufacture was introduced about 1800,1^ 

 and there are now several factories in the township. 

 There are also paper mills, a bobbin turnery and 

 breweries. 



The agricultural land in Clitheroe, Heyhouses 

 and Mearley is thus occupied : Arable, 2 acres ; per- 

 manent grass, 2,617 ; woods and plantations, 36.1^" 



The public hall was built by a company in 1874. 

 The county police court-house in Lowergate was 

 erected in 1 864 ; the borough police court is in 

 King Street. There is a company of volunteers. 



There was formerly a sulphur spring or spa.l' 

 Races used to be held.'* The old crosses have dis- 

 appeared. i' 



The notabilities of the place include Dr. Walker 

 King, Bishop of Rochester, who was born at Clitheroe 

 in 1755 ; he died in 1827. His brother James 

 (1750-84) was a friend of Captain Cook.^° John 

 Webster, master of the school, who died in 1682, 

 wrote Metallographia, 1671, and the Displaying of 

 Supposed Witchcraft, iSjj ; the former work records 

 that silver ore had been found in the Clitheroe 

 district.^l 



On the road from Clitheroe to Waddington, near 

 Brungerley Bridge, once stood an inn known as the 

 ' Dule upo' Dun,' ^^ from its sign representing the 

 Devil galloping madly along upon a dun horse. The 

 story is that a poor tailor, having sold his soul for 

 wealth, when his time came was allowed another 

 wish, and then wished that his adversary was riding 

 to hell on a dun horse standing near, and was never 

 to return. He had his wish accordingly, thus saving 

 himself. 



The history of the great honor or fee 

 HONOR of Clitheroe has been told already.^^ It 

 passed from the Lacy family to the Earls 

 and Dukes of Lancaster and so to the Crown.^'' In 

 1 66 1 it was granted to General Monk ^^ in reward 

 for his aid in the Restoration, and descended to the 

 Dukes of Buccleuch. In 1884 it was apportioned to 



<> Assize R. 430 (1343), m. 22; 431 

 (1351), m. 2. 



7 Abram, Blackburtif 57, citing Chron. 

 of Warkiuorth (Camd. Soc). 



8 Farrer, Clitheroe Ct. R. i, 58. 



^ Gregson, Fragments (ed. Harland), 23. 



^^ Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), 

 i, 114. 



11 The prince reached Clitheroe on 

 24 June 1 644 by way of Ribchester and 

 went ontoSkipton. Colonel Daniel was 

 left as governor of the castle ; Engl. Hist. 

 Rev. xiii, 736. 



" Lanes. War (Chet. Soc), 53. 



13 Ci-vil War Tracts (Chet. Soc), 277 ; 

 Cal. S. P. Dom. 1649-50, p. 73. 



'* Lanes, and Ches. Antiq. Soc. 1, 76. 



1^ Lanes, and Ches. Rec. (Rec. Soc. 

 Lanes, and Ches.), ii, 238. 



1^ The brief notice of the town in 

 Aikin's Country round Manch. (1795) says 

 nothing of any manufactures. 



•'» Statistics from Bd. of Agrlc. (1905). 



" Capper, Topog.Dict. (1808). 



13 Baines, Lanes. Dir. i, 612 ; * re- 

 established on SalthiU Moor in 1821.' 



1^ Lanes, and Ches. Antiq. Soc. xviii, 22. 



2» Whitaker, Wialley (ed. Nichols), ii, 

 90, 92 ; Diet. Nat. Biog. 



^1 Whitaker, op. cit. ii, 86 ; Lanes, and 

 Ches. Antiq. Notes, i, 212; Diet. Nat. 

 Biog. He has a memorial plate in the 

 church ; see below. 



^ Others say the house was on the 

 road from Clitheroe to Chatburn, near the 

 latter village. 



''^ V.C.H. Lanes, i, 312-19 ; above in 

 the account of Blackburn Hundred. It 

 contained five knight's fees ; Lanes. Inq. 

 and Extents (Rec Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), 

 i, 38, In 1294 the castles and lands of 

 Henry de Lacy were regranted to him 

 with remainder to his issue ; Chart. R. 

 87 (22 Edw. I), m. 2, no. 3. 



^* The honor was granted to Isabel, 

 queen mother, in 1327, and there are 

 many allusions to her tenure in the 

 Patent Rolls. In 1348 she released to 



361 



Henry Earl of Lancaster all her right in 

 the same ; Close, 22 Edw. Ill, pt. ii, 

 m. 5 ; Duchy of I^anc. Misc. Bks. xi, 11. 



2^ Pat. 13 Chas. II, pt. xxx, no. 3 5 to 

 George Duke of Albemarle the demesne, 

 castle and honor of Clitheroe, with the 

 manors of Ightenhill, Colne, Pendleton, 

 Worston, Chatburn, Accrington and 

 Haslingden, with mills, mines, &c., in 

 Trawden, Great Marsden and Pendle, 

 courts and profits in Rossendale, &c. 

 Various fee-farm rents were released to 

 him in 1664 ; Duchy of Lane. Misc. Bks. 

 xxiv, 174, 155. See also ibid, xxv, nod. 



The following are references to fines, 

 recoveries, &c., of the honor: 1695, 

 Recov. R. Mich. 7 Will. Ill, rot. 228 ; 

 1696, Pal. of Lane. Plea R. 463, m. 2 ; 

 1699, Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 243, 

 m. no; 1701, Pal. of Lane. Plea R. 

 473, m. 2 ; also of a moiety of the same — 

 1760, ibid. 592, m. 8 ; 1766, Pal. of 

 Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 396, m. 14 ; 1768, 

 Pal. of Lane. Plea R. 608, m. 7. 



46 



