A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE 



part of WulfenJen. The area of 4,412' acres is 

 mostly desolate hill country, but southwards through 

 the central clough runs a small stream to join the 

 Irwell, and along it — by the road from Burnley to 

 Rautenstall — is a series of manuficturing hamlets : 

 Love Clough in the north, Goodshaw in the centre, 

 and Crawihaw Booth to the south. At the last- 

 named place are Liberal and Conser\'ative clubs ; the 

 Co-oper.itive Society has a library.' The population 

 in I go I was 6,577, chiefly in Rawtenstall. 



Higher Cross and Lower Cross, near Gambleside, 

 may preserve the sites of ancient crosses.' 



Cotton mills and calico-printing works, as indi- 

 cated, give employment to the bulk of the people ; 

 others are engaged in the woollen manufacture. 

 There are also collieries and stone quarries. The 

 agricultural land is almost entirely used for pasture. 



A love of music is one of the characteristics of 

 the people of Rossendale.' Belief in witchcraft was 

 prevalent.' 



As a township Higher Booths has ceased to exist, 

 having been taken into the new townships of Has- 

 lingden and Rawtenstall, formed in 1^94' 



Crawshall Hall, built in 1830, was the residence 

 of John Brooks, one of the great calico printers of the 

 district ; and his son Sir Thomas, made a baronet in 

 1891, on being raised to the peerage in 1892 chose 

 Crawshaw for the title of his barony. He was high 

 sheriff of the county in 18S4.' He died in 1908. 



John Buttcrworth, son of a blacksmith of Good- 

 shaw, being born there in 1727, became a Baptist 

 minister of some note, and published a Concordance, 

 &c. He died in 1803.' 



The accounts of Rossendale in 1296 

 FOREST and 1305 were rendered under Hasling- 

 den,' which itself was included in 

 Trawden Forest, and the separate vaccaries or booths 

 are not named, though several are indicated by the 

 names of the keepers or boothmen.'" It appears 

 that the lord of Clitheroe had a hall " or mansion 

 house in Rossendale, and that a mine " and a forge " 



exited. The stocks of cattle suffered, among other 

 things, from murrain, a wolf and robbers." There 

 were eleven vaccaries in the whole of Rossendale in 

 131 1, and they were worth ^^5 10/. a year." Details 

 are given in the accounts of 1323-4 for the booths 

 of Love Clough, Goodshaw, Crawshaw and Gamble- 

 side." 



Later it became the custom to let them out on 

 lease, and in the latter part of the 15th century the 

 rents were as follows : Love Clough, 9/. ; Good- 

 shaw, £j 1 3/. 4<j'. ; Crawshaw, £6 ; and Gamble- 

 side, £2 IS. 8a'." The survey of 1507," when a 

 copyhold tenure was granted, gives the following 

 p.irticulars : Love Clough, let to Richard Birtwisle 

 and Margery widow of George Birtwisle for £^ ; 

 Goodshaw, let to Thomas Birtwisle, Roger Pilling, 

 George and Richard Hargreaves for £^ ; Crawshaw, 

 let to George, Henry and Reynold Haworth for £(), 

 the tenants being chargeable with the collection of 

 20 marks a year for Wolfenden lands ; Gambleside, 

 let to Oliver and George Ormerod for £^, as com- 

 pared with an earlier rent of 44/. 8d. The surnames 

 of Ormerod " and Hargreaves occur frequently in the 

 district in later times.'" 



After the disforesting the whole 

 was attached to New Accrington." 

 appointed for it." 



Decrees concerning the roads in 

 Rossendale were made in the early part of the 17th 

 century." 



The landowners in Rossendale contributing to 

 subsidies were: In 1524, John Ormerod ; 1600, 

 John Nuttall and Richard Ormerod ; and 1626, the 

 same and Ralph Haworth." The hearth tax list of 

 1666 shows a total of 44 1 for the whole district, the 

 most considerable residence being that of Lawrence 

 Tattersall of Tunstead in Newchurch with six 

 hearths." 



George Holt of Chamber in Rossendale, apparently 

 in the Wolfenden part of Higher Booths, paid ^10 

 in 163 1 as composition for declining knighthood." 



of Rossendale 

 A greave was 



the forest of 



* The areis of the separate portions 

 are : Crjwshaw Booth, 1,^14 acres ; 

 Gambleside, 1,026 acres ; Goodshaw 

 Booth, 80S acres ; Love Clough, 689 

 acres J and part of Wollendcn 275, The 

 other part of Wolfenden is in Newchurch. 



' A literary instit ite, with a library, 



was founded at Crawshaw Booth in 1851. 



•* Lanct, and Chet. Ann<f. Soc. i\ iii, 53-4.. 



* Xcwbigging, Raiiir:JjIij 191. 

 ^ Ibid. 203-6. 



® Local Govt. Bd. Order 32291. 



' G.E.C. Complete Peerage, \ii', 2:;S. 



" Diet, A j;. Bhg, 



^ De Ljcy Compon (Chet. Soc), 4, 100. 

 11 Ibid. 30, -6. 

 >> Ibid. 15. 

 ^-' Ibid. 100. 



" Ibid. 5. Let at farm for £]. 

 '^ Ibid. 30, 31, 76-S3. 

 '' Z,jf!ci. Inj. a-id Exti-.!i (Rec 

 Lines, and Ches.), ii, 8. 



^* I^id. 198-200. 



1" VVh. taker, li'kalky, i, 359, 

 William Leyland was lessee. 



^^ MS. at Huntroyde. This and the 

 Grimshaw and * Clitheroe Honor' .M>S. 

 (in possession of W. Farrer) are the 

 authorities for the later tenants. 



Another vaccary called Primrose Sylce 

 \\,i3 perhaps in Higher Booths; it was 

 leased at 261. %i. in 1464 (Whitaker, lot 



Soc. 



360 : 



cit.), and in 1507 to George and John 

 Ormerod for 431. \d. 



The king took proceedings against some 

 of the tenants in 1508 and 1534 ; Pal. of 

 Lane. Plea R. 105, m. 10 d. ; 159, m. 9 d. 



The tenants in 1527 were: Love 

 Clough — John and Adam Birtwisle, 

 Nicholas Durdenand Oliver Holt ; ^5 in 

 all. Goodshaw — John and George Har- 

 greaves, Thomas Birtwisle and Roger 

 Pilling, each paying 261. %d, Crawshaw — 

 Henry Haworth, sen., ^3 ; Denis, Henry 

 (jun.), Hugh and James Haworth, each 

 30J. ; they also paid the £i-x, 6j. %d. iax 

 Wolfenden Land. Gambleside — George 

 and Oliver Ormerod, paying 4 and 2 marks 

 respectively. Primrose Syke — John Or- 

 merod, 531. \A, ; Duchy of Lane Rentals, 

 bdle. 5, no. 12. 



^* Duchy Plead. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and 

 Ches.), iii, 139; Ducatui Lane. (Rec. 

 Com.), 1,257. 



" In Goodshaw in 1609 the chief 

 tenants were George Hargreaves, George 

 Birtwisle and his son Richard, Alexander 

 and George Haworth; and In 1662 

 Henry Hargreaves, Richard PoUird (Bir- 

 twisle) and Peter Ormerod (Haworth). 



In Love Clough in 1609 the chief 

 tenants were John Holt and his son 

 George, George Duerden, William Bir- 

 twisle and his son Richard ; In 1662 they 



434 



were George Holt, George Duerden and 

 William Birtwisle. 



The Haworths continued to be the 

 chief holders in 1609 and 1662 in Craw- 

 shaw Booth. 



In Gambleside in 1609 John Birtwlilc 

 and Oliver Ormerod were chief tenants, 

 and in 1662 four Ormeroda and two 

 Hargreaves paid the £^ rent. 



George Hargreaves of Goodshaw and 

 John Ormerod of Gambleside were free 

 tenants in 1621 j Newblgging, Rouen Ja/j 

 321. 



Hargreaves Fold was to be renJcrcJ 

 to Jane widow of Henry Hargreaves in 

 1762 by order of the steward of Accring- 

 ton New Hold ; W. Farrer'a D, 



^^ Whitaker, op. cit. i, 342. 



*^ A list of the greaves from 1559 is 

 printed in Ncwbigging'siZoi^/n/d/^, 74-81- 

 Specimens of the account* are given 

 ib.d, 83, Sec. 



" Lanes, and Ches. Rec. (Rec Soc. 

 Lanes, and Chea.), ii, 290, 289. 



^* Lay Subs. Lanes, bdles. 130, no. 82 { 

 131, no. 212, 317. 



^ Ibid. bdlc. 250, no. 9. 



36 Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), 

 i, 261, The Holts have been named in 

 an earlier note. Chamber may represent 

 the * fair lodge' in Wolfenden in 1507; 

 see the account of Newchurch. 



