BLACKBURN HUNDRED 



WHALLEY 



of Chester in 1 670-1." They still own the ground, 

 but no meetings are held. 



The Unitarians have a church called Bethlehem, 

 first opened in 1808, and rebuilt about 1865, at 

 Newchurch. 



In the Bacup division of the township there are 

 many other places of worship. For the Church of 

 England St. John the Evangelist's was built in 1788 

 and rebuilt in 1882-3 " ; •■> district was assigned to it 

 in 1843.^ The Hulme Trustees are patrons. Before 

 its erection the chapel built by the Baptists and others 

 had been used for service, the incumbent of Goodshaw 

 officiating every other Sunday. Holy Trinity, Tun- 

 stead, was opened in 1840,*' and has a mission church 

 called St. Luke's ; the patronage is vested in five 

 trustees. Christ Church, Todmorden Road, dates 

 from 1854 ; trustees are patrons. 



The first chapel of the Methodists was opened 

 before 1761, when Wesley preached there to an over- 

 flowing congregation ; he again visited it in 1 766 and 

 1779. The Wesleyans now have six churches in 

 Bacup and the outskirts, the Primitive Methodists 

 three and the United Free Church two. 



The Baptists had a share in the erection of a 

 meeting-house in Bacup in 1692," of which the 

 celebrated Daniel Crossley was minister"; but in 

 1744 they asked for subscriptions for a new one, 

 because the former had been ' built jointly by Dis- 

 senters and those of the Established Church,' and the 

 Church party had begun to claim the whole and 

 wanted to have it consecrated.^ There are now six 

 Baptist churches in the place."' 



The Congregationalists have a chapel, opened in 

 185 I,** and the Salvation Army a barracks. 



For Roman Catholics a mission was begun in 1852, 

 and the present church of St. Mary, Bankside, was 

 opened in 1857. St. Joseph's, Stacksteads, dates from 

 1892. St. Peter's, Newchurch, was also opened 

 about 1892 as a chapel of ease to Stacksteads. 



A school was founded at Wolfenden Booth by a 

 gift from John Kershaw, who died in 1709." 



Apart from ecclesiastical and edu- 

 CHjiRITIES cational purposes there are endow- 

 ments for the poor amounting to 

 about j^55 a year, and a further sum for pensions to 

 the blind. Official inquiries were made in 1826 

 and 1899, and from the report issued in 1 901 the 

 following details are taken. 



John Ormerod in 1757 built a workhouse for the 

 poor, and j^300 spent thereon was to be a trust fund 

 for the poor attending divine service in Newchurch. 

 The guardians paid £1^ 10/. as interest down to 

 the passing of the Poor Law, after which they 

 paid a rent down to 1870. The property was 

 then sold for j^i45. This produces £^ 5/. a year, 

 which is distributed by the rector in sums of 2/. 6a'. 

 to 5/. 



Frances Strong, widow, in 1856 left j^l,ooo for 

 the poor of the hamlet of Deadwenclough. The 

 gross income is ^^24 1 5/., and is distributed yearly on 



her birthday, 13 October, in doles of material for 

 clothing, &c., valued at 4/. to 5/. Alice Martha 

 Crabtree, widow, in 1875 left £1^.$° net, producing 

 j^l8 a year for a distribution to the poor by the 

 churchwardens of Newchurch ; it is given on Christmas 

 Eve in doles of money, blankets, &c. She left a similar 

 sum for the poor of St. James's district, Waterfoot ; it 

 was invested in consols, and produces £\2 61. ^d. a 

 year, distributed in money doles. 



Bathsheba Davenport, spinster, in 1887 left shares 

 and chief rents, which now afford an income of 

 ;^42 I 5J'., charged for the present with a life annuity, 

 to provide gifts of 5;. a week to blind people con- 

 nected with chapels or churches in Cloughfold, Mill 

 End, Newchurch and Waterfoot, and the Congre- 

 gational chapel at Bacup. 



Miles Ashworth in 1889 left ^£8,000 for public 

 purposes at Bacup, available after his widow's death. 



BURNLEY 



Bronley, 1241; Brunley, 1251 and commonly; 

 Brumleye, 1294. 



In addition to Burnley and Habergham Eaves, 

 always closely associated, the chapelry of Burnley 

 included BrierclifFe, Worsthorne and Cliviger, while 

 the adjacent extra-parochial places of Ightenhill 

 Park and Reedley Hallows were practically attached 

 to it. 



The historical township of Burnley lies on the 

 lower slopes of land descending from Cliviger in the 

 south-east and Marsden in the north-east towards 

 the River Calder, flowing north-west, west and again 

 north-west towards the Rlbble. Between the two 

 slopes the Brun, augmented by the Don, turns round 

 to join the Calder. The town of Burnley grew up 

 in the level tongue of land formed at this junction. 

 The church was built in a central position near the 

 Brun, and this stream divides the township into two 

 nearly equal parts. The market place, with its cross, 

 and the older part of the town stood near the church. 

 From Cliviger, as stated, Burnley Ridge extends 

 north-west into the township ; it attains 630 ft. above 

 sea level at the south-east boundary ; from Marsden, 

 where 775 ft. is attained, the surface descends 

 gradually to the south and west ; the height above 

 the sea is 350 ft. at the junction of the Brun and 

 Calder, and about 315 ft. near Royle. The area is 

 1,996 acres. 



In the southern half of the township stands Full- 

 edge, with Brunshaw and Towneley Park to the 

 south-east. In the northern half Heysandforth, 

 Swinless ' and Saxifield lie to the north-east of the 

 church ; Bank Hall, Danes or Dancer House, the 

 Old Hall and Barden to the north ; Crowwood and 

 Royle to the north-west ; near the junction of the 

 Brun with the Calder is Salford, which gave a name 

 to the district around it. The old township does 



^8 Visit, returns. 



'' Ncwbigging, op. cit. 138-43. 



»» Lond. Gaz. 3 Jan. i 843. 



" A district was formed in 1858. 



*^ Particulars are given by Newbigging, 

 Dp. cit. 149. 



*° He died in 1744 and was buried at 

 Goodshaw. Theie is a Life of him in 

 Diet. Nat. Biog. 



6 



8'* Parry, op. cit. 70. It is said the 

 Bacup Church became independent of 

 Clough Fold between 17 10 and 1720; 

 ibid. 188. 



85 The Tear Bk. gives : Ebenezer, with 

 Newgate Mission, 1710; Irwell Terrace, 

 1821 ; South Street, 1851 ; Zion, 18;; ; 

 Doals, 1867; Acre Mill, 1889. The 

 Particular Baptists built a chapel at Tong 



441 



Meadow in 1851, and the General Bap- 

 tists (now South Street) opened one about 

 the same time at Underbank. Some of 

 these are on the Rochdale side of the 

 boundary. 



86 Nightingale, Lava, Nonconf, iii, 

 282. 



87 End. Char. Rep, 



^ Formerly Swinglehurst. 



56 



