A HISTORY OF L/wL^A^^niKu 



— James Matthcus " 



1-2+ James Cowgill, B.A." (Trinity H.ill, 

 Camb.) 



I 747 James King, D.D." 



177+ Thomas King, M.A." 



177+ William Kendall »* 



1K02 Thomas Wilson, B.D.'" 



181 ; Thomas Starkie, M.A.'" (St. John's Coll., 

 Camb.) 



181S Philip Abbott " 



185, Sampson Thomas Henry Jervoii, M..A. 

 (Brasenose Coll., Oxf.) 



1882 William Stocks 



189; Edward Curling, M.A. (Brasenose Coll., 

 Oxf.) 



l8gg Harold Broadbent Moore, M..-\. (Brase- 

 nose Coll., Oxf.) 



igo8 Francis Thomas Bradshaw, B.A. (W.id- 

 ham Coll., Oxf) 



Depositions taken in 1563 showed that lands worth 

 17;. 8</. a yc.ir had been 'given for the maintenance 

 of the senlce of a priest to do the morning mass 

 within the church of Downham, and that part of the 

 said lands were given by Sir Wiiiiam Hindc, priest, 

 deceased, and . . . were bestowed to the use afores.nd 

 by the space of fourteen )c.irv Sir Robert 

 Thomlinson, priest, now doing service at Downham, 

 took the profits thereof until the previous Martiii- 

 m.is, when the lord of the manor (E. Dauncey) 

 ' restrained' him. There were also sixteen or seven- 

 teen stocks of money and kine belonging to the church. 

 Another witness added that the morning m.iss endow- 

 ment had lastLLJ forty }'ears, and that the priest had 

 also to keep a school."*' 



Of the history of the chapel there is little more to 

 tell. It appears to have been served by several 

 priests before the Reformation."" Afterwards it 

 ivas served by a single minister or curate, \\ho had 

 iHu.illy some other charge, the stipend being insufficient 

 for maintenance by itself An ' exercise ' was allowed 

 at Downh.im in 161 7, but quickly forbidden."" In 

 1672 it was reported to the Bishop of Chester that 

 there were monthly conventicles and many Quakers."" 



There is a \\^esleyan Methodist chapel. 



.-\ school free to the children of the township was 

 founded in 1703 ; the curate w.is to be the master.'"' 

 Official inquiries into the local 

 CHARITIES chanties were made in 1^26 and 

 10- I. and the report of the latter, 

 issued in 1902 ui;h a reprint of the earlier one, shows 

 that £i lOj. a year is available for the poor. The 



poor's land seems to be due to gilts by Richard 

 Waddington (1671), Lady Kli^alieth Asshcton (1686) 

 and Margaret Slater (i 702) '" ; it is now let for £^ 

 a year, and this is given in doles of 2/. to 5/. on 

 St. Thomas's Day. Sir Ralph Asshcton's charity, as 

 recorded in the account of Whallcy, gave £^. to 

 Do«Tiham, half for a sermon on 30 January and half 

 for the poor ; the latter part is given in money to 

 five of the poor inhabitants. A rent-charge of 30/. 

 on a farm called N'utshaw was by some benefactor 

 unknown given for providing blue cloth for the poor ; 

 doles of flannel are now given out ol it. 



TVVISTON 



T\v\sllton, 1241 ; Twesilton, 130O; Tivyselton, 

 1302. These are the ujua/ forms, but Tuyseton 

 occurs in 12S1. 



Twiston occupies part of the northern slope of one 

 of the spurs of Pendlc Hill, \vhich on Twiston .Moor 

 attains 1,134 ft. above sea level. The northern 

 boundary is formed by Ings Beck and the western hy 

 a small brook dividing it from Downham. There 

 are a few scattered dwellings, but nothing that can 

 be called a village, the population numbering 43 in 

 1901. The are.i Is 864] acres.' 



The northern end is crossed by a road leading 

 cist from Downham by Lower Gate and Ings End 

 into Yorkshire ; at the former point this is joined by 

 a road from the south which passes through Higher 

 Twiston. 



The land is mostly in pasture, the soil being lime- 

 stone and freestone. 



There is a parish meeting. 



The hearth tax return of 1666 shows that twenty- 

 three hearths were liable in Twiston, but no dwelling 

 had as many as three hearths.' 



With Mearlcy TJVISTON was in 1 1 02 

 M^NOR granted by Robert de Lacy, lord of 

 Clitheroe, to Ralph le Rous.' Afterwards 

 it seems to have reverted to the superior lord, for it 

 was held in demesne by the heir of the Karl of Lincoln 

 in 1242 as the tenth part of a knight's fee, being of 

 the dower of the countess.* Within the next seven 

 years Roger de Notion, to whom it must have been 

 granted, gave to Edmund de Lacy the rent of 201. 

 and all the services of the free men of Twiston.* In 

 1258 accordingly it was found that Twiston rendered 

 20/. a year to the lord of Clitheroe.' 



Afterwards it appears to have been granted to a 

 family who took the local name of Twiston or 

 Twisleton, but the tenure is differently recorded at 



^ This woulJ be the son of the vicar 

 of ^^'hallcy, who wa» curate of Preston 

 and became incumbent of Burnley in 



^' .Nominated br N. Curzon. Cowgill 

 was also incumbent of Clitheroe 1759-45. 



'"' Licensed to Clitheroe also ill 1-43 

 (>l.v.). 



*• Xominated by Assheton Curzon. 

 This incumbent was afterwards prebendary 

 of Canterbury, &c. 



^ Nominated hy Assheton Curzon. 



"•" Nominated by the Hon. G. A. W. 

 Curron, by the advice of his mother and 

 gtiardian. Mr. Wilson was head master 

 of Cithcroe Schoo', &c-, i"7^-i8i ;. 



*3 Nominated by R. \V. Pcnn Curzon. 

 Ntr. Starkie was also vicar of B ackbum, 



'^ Nominated bv R. W. P. Curzon. 



Mr. Abbott had other charges and was 

 head master of Clitheroe Grammar School 

 from 184.1 till his death in 1852 ; J. Carr, 

 Ci.'-.f, 167. 



^*-' Duchy of Lane. Speciil Com. 98, 



^*" Duckworth had three companions 

 in the visitation lists of 1548, but was 

 alone in later years. 



^^ N. Assheton, Journal (Chet. Soc), 

 28. 



^^ Visit. Returns at Chester. James 

 \Vh pp had been presented in 166^ for 

 having private Quaker meetings in his 

 house. Bishop Gastrell in 1717 knew 

 of no Dissenters. 



**** Gastrell, op. cit. ii, 329 ; End. Char. 



^"' Gastrell, op. cIt. ii, 330; zi. End* 

 Char. R p. 



558 



' f.hi .icies, including i acre of inland 

 water ; Ctniui Rep. 1 901. 



^ Lay Subs. Lanes, bdle. 250, no. 9. 



' Farrer, Lana. rift R. 385. The 

 grant was afterwards confirmed by Ilhert 

 de Lacy ; ibid. 386-8. Here as else- 

 where the Heriz family appear later, 

 probably as successors (in part) of Rous. 



* Lanes. In J. and Exicnti (Rec. Soc. 

 Lanes, and Clies.), 1, 150. It had been 

 assigned to the countess, widow of John 

 de Lacy, in 12+1 (ibid. 148), being then 

 called the fourteenth part of a knight's 

 fee. 



' Duchy of Lane. Anct. D. I. 121 + . 

 The grant or release was atie-ted by Simon 

 de Herj?, then steward, Roger, Dean of 

 \\ hallcy (dead in 1249), and others. 



*• Z, r/j.j. In^, anj Exlcnt.^ i, 217. 



