MANAGEMENT AND CARE. 25 



Mashes. What are commonly known as mashes are very useful in 

 feeding sick horses and cattle, but they should be fed in small quantities 

 and carefully prepared. Feed a nlash from the tub in which it is 

 mixed, because if placed in the manger the part remaining behind often 

 sours, and renders all that is put in the manger thereafter unfit to be 

 used. 



Bran Mash.. Mix two quarts of bran with enough boiling water to 

 cover, add salt, stir thoroughly and allow to cool. 



I/inseed Mash. Boil a half pound of unground flaxseed in two 

 quarts of water until it is reduced to about three-pints. Pour this over 

 bran instead of water and mix. 



Bread Mash. Soak a loaf of bread, broken into pieces, in fresh 

 milk until it is soft and can be made fine; stir and mix. 



Fresh Water. Water should always be within reach of the ani- 

 mal, especially if there is any fever. A small quantity of powdered 

 alum added to a pint of water will purify it by precipitating the 

 impurities. Some animals seem to be given to scouring, to such, water 

 should be given in small quantities, and frequent; or what is a better 

 plan leave water always before such animals. Animals watered at inter- 

 vals drink much more than when always supplied. A smaller quan- 

 tity of water taken into the system lessens the secretions of the internal 

 organs and decreases the tendency to scour. 



Hand-Rubbing. Rubbing the legs is very useful to relieve any 

 fullness caused by overwork or strain, or the lack of exercise. The 

 friction excites the blood-vessels and absorbents to greater action. 

 Gentle hand rubbing of the skin and sponging of the nostrils 

 with weak vinegar and water is many times very refreshing to the 

 sick. 



Cleanliness. A stall that has been occupied by a sick animal 

 should be thoroughly cleaned, washed with a hot antiseptic solution, and 

 whitewashed before another animal is allowed to occupy it. The sheath 

 should always be carefully cleaned at the beginning of any serious sick- 

 ness, and occasionally thereafter if the trouble lasts any length of time. 



Cold Water Bathing of the I/egS. Cold water bathing is of 

 much benefit in many cases. The cold reduces inflammation and tends 

 to brace up weakened structures. After each cold bath the parts 

 should be dried and bandaged. Cold applications should not be repeated 

 oftener than three times a day. 



Steaming. Take a clean grain bag not too large around at the 



