no THE HORSE. 



swallowing while lessened is never entirely lost; the animal has no 

 fever, pain or unconscious movements. The animal will begin to im- 

 prove about the fourth day and recover. 



When changes for the better take place the symptoms usually leave 

 in the reverse order in which they came on, but local paralysis may re- 

 main, for some time. 



Treatment. "In the worst class of cases treatment is very seldom 

 successful, and it is dangerous to attempt to give medicine by the mouth 

 because the animal cannot swallow. Cold shower baths may possibly 

 induce revulsive action in connection with stimulants into the rectum, 

 four to six ounces of whisky in two pints of milk; the breathing of 

 ammonia vapor from a sponge wet with dilute aqua ammonia may bring 

 the animal to consciousness. 



In the second class of cases the treatment recommended by Professor 

 Large consists in giving a cathartic composed of one ounce of aloes and 

 the giving of one to two drams of the solid extract of belladonna, alter- 

 nated every three hours with thirty drops of tincture of aconite root, 

 and the application of blisters to the neck, spine, and throat. When 

 the animal is unable to swallow, one-fourth-grain doses of sulphate of 

 atropia may be hypodermically injected under the skin every four, six, 

 or eight hours, as the case may demand. The atropia is a heart stimu- 

 lant, increases capillary circulation, and quiets pain and excitability. 

 When the most prominent symptoms abate give such food as the animal 

 may be able to eat; keep fresh, cool water constantly before him; sup- 

 port him in slings if necessary; clean stabling and plenty of fresh air are 

 of the utmost importance. ' ' 



I/Ock-Jaw or Tetanus. This disease is specially shown by 

 spasms which affect the muscles of the face, neck, body, and limbs and 

 all the muscles supplied by the cerebro-spinal nerves. 



Symptoms. The first indication of this disease is difficulty in chew- 

 ing and swallowing; an extention of the head; and a membrane called 

 the haw,- protruding over the inner part of the eye. This haw will turn 

 farther over the eye if the nose is lifted. The animal is not able to open 

 the jaws to their full extent, and the effort to do so will produce spasms 

 of the muscles of the jaw and neck. The muscles of the neck and along 

 the spine become rigid and the legs are moved as if they were stiff. 

 The least noise throws the animal into increased spasm of all the affect- . 

 ed muscles. The tail is usually raised and held without moving; the 

 bowels constipated; the temperature and pulse not much changed. 



