DISEASES OP THE URINARY ORGANS. II7 



the superabundant supply of the sugar-forming food, and last for a few 

 hours only, and has no significance. In many cases of fatal glycosuria 

 the liver is found to be enlarged, or at least congested, and it is found 

 that the disorder can be produced experimentally by agencies which 

 produce an increased circulation through the liver. Certain chemical 

 poisons also cause saccharine urine, notably woorara, strychnia, morphia, 

 phosphoric acid, alcohol, ether, chloroform, quinia, ammonia, and arsenic. 



Symptoms. These are ardent thirst and profuse secretion of a pale 

 urine of a high density (1.060 and upward), rapid loss of condition, 

 scurfy, unthrifty skin, costiveness or irregularity of the bowels, indiges- 

 tion, and the presence in the urine of a sweet principle, grape-sugar, or 

 inosite, or both. This mav be most promptly detected by touching the 

 tip of the tongue with a drop. Sugar may be detected simply by add- 

 ing a tea-spoonful of liquid yeast to four ounces of the urine and keeping 

 it lightly stopped at a temperature of 70° to 80° F., for twelve hours, 

 when the sugar will be found to have been changed into alcohol and 

 carbon dioxide. The loss of density will give indication of the amount 

 of sugar transformed; thus a density of 1.035 ii ^ urine which was 

 formerly 1.060 would indicate about fifteen grains of sugar to the fluid 

 ounce. 



Inosite or muscle-sugar, frequently present in the horse's urine, and 

 even replacing the glucose, is not fermentable. Its presence may be in- 

 dicated by its sweetness and the absence of fermentation, or by GalloiS' 

 test. Evaporate the suspected urine at a gentle heat almost to dryness, 

 then add a drop of a solution of mercuric nitrate and evaporate carefully 

 to dryness, when a yellowish residue is left that is changed on further 

 cautious heating to a deep rose-color, which disappears on cooling and 

 re-appears on heating. 



In advanced diabetes, dropsies in the limbs and under the chest and 

 belly, puffy, swollen eyelids, cataracts, catarrhal inflammation of the 

 lungs, weak, uncertain gait, and drowsiness may be noted. 



Treatment. This is most satibfactory in cases dependent on some 

 curable disease of liver, pancreas, lungs, or brain. Thus, in liver disease, 

 a run at pasture in warm weather, or in winter a warm, sunny, well- 

 aired stable, with sufficient clothing and sulphate of soda, one ounce 

 daily as a laxative, and carboi;ate of potassium, one-fourth ounce as an 

 alkah, may benefit. To this may be added mild bhstering, cupping, or 

 even leeching over the last ribs. Diseases of the brain or pancreas may 

 be treated according to their indications. The diet should be mainly 



