DISEASES OF THE URINARY ORGANS. II 9 



sweats on the slightest occasion, and can endure little. The subject 

 may survive for months, or he may die early of exhaustion. In the 

 slighter cases, or when the cause ceases to operate, he may make a 

 somewhat tardy recovery. 



Treatment. This consists in stopping the ingestion of the faulty 

 drugs, poisons or food, and supplying sound haj'^ and grain free from all 

 taint of heating or mustiness. A liberal supply of boiled flaxseed in the 

 drinking water at once serves to eliminate the poison and to sheath and 

 protect the irritated -kidneys. Tonics like sulphate or phosphate of iron 

 (two drams morning and evening) and powdered gentian or Peruvian 

 bark (four drams) help greatly by bracing the system and hastening 

 repair. To these may be added agents calculated to destroy the fungus 

 and eliminate its poisonous products. In that form which depends on 

 musty food nothing acts better than large doses of iodide of potas- 

 sium (two drams), while in other cases creosote, carbolic acid (one 

 dram), or oil of turpentine (four drams) properly diluted, may be 

 resorted to. 



Poisoning- by Albuminoids or Hsemoglobinuria. Also known 

 as azoturia or anazoturia. This is commonly supposed to be a disease 

 of the kidneys, because the prominent symptoms are ropy and dark- 

 colored urine and loss of control over the hind limbs; but it is rather a 

 disease of the liver and blood-forming functions. This disease is never 

 seen at pasture, rarely when the animal has constant daily work. It is 

 connected with high feeding, especially food rich in nitrogen, such as 

 oats, beans, and cotton-seed meal, and is made to show itself by taking 

 the horse from the stable and subjecting it to work. The poison does 

 not seem to be diffused, when starting, as the horse is usually lively 

 and spirited, but within the first quarter or half mile it usually 

 succumbs. 



This disease is peculiar to solipeds. In all others the portal veins have 

 no communication with the vena cava (SEE MANIKIN OF THE 

 HORSE) except through the capillaries of the liver, but in the solipeds 

 there is a persistence through life of a condition common to foetal mam- 

 mals, of several good-sized veins leading directly from the veins of the 

 stomach and intestines (portal veins) into the posterior vena cava and 

 heart. By the accelerated breathings there seems to be drawn directly 

 into the blood the stored up nitrogenous matter in an imperfectly oxi- 

 dized condition, thus rendering the blood unable to retain the healthy 

 functions of the nerve centers and muscles. 



