124 THM HORaB. 



Symptoms. These are more or less fever; stiffness of the back and 

 a straddling gait with the hind legs; evident difficulty in lying down and 

 rising; the animal will sometimes groan with pain if compelled to walk 

 in a circle; arching of the loins and tucking up of the flanks; looking 

 back at the belly as if there were colicky pains, and tenderness of 

 the loins to pinching, especially just beneath the bony process six 

 inches from the median line, (See manikin for location of kidneys, and 

 also page 60 the last four lines of Study of Symptoms.) 



Urine is passed frequently, a small quantity at a time, of a high color, 

 and sometimes mixed with blood or even pus. Under the microscope it 

 shows microscopic casts. The legs tend to swell from the foot up, also 

 the dependent parts beneath the belly, and chest, and effusions of liquid 

 may occur within the chest or abdomen. Iir the male animal the alter- 

 nate drawing up and relaxation of the testicles in the scrotum are sug- 

 gestive, and in small horses the oiled hand introduced into the rectum 

 may reach the kidney and ascertain its sensitiveness. 



Treatffi.ent. This consists in removing any cause that may be recog- 

 nized. Then, if the suffering and fever are high, two or four quarts of 

 blood may be abstracted from the jugular vein; in weak subjects unless 

 in high fever this should be omitted. Next relieve the kidneys as far as 

 possible by throwing their work on the bowels and skin. A pint of cas- 

 tor oil is less likely than either aloes or salts to act on the kidneys. To 

 affect the skin a warm stall and heavy clothing may be supplemented 

 by dram doses of Dover's powder. (Dover's Powder consists of sixty 

 grains ipecac in No. 60 powder, sixty grains powdered opium, four 

 hundred eighty grains sugar of milk in No. 30 powder). Boiled flaxseed 

 may be added to the drinking water, and also thrown into the rectum a's 

 an injection, and blankets saturated with hot water should be persistently 

 applied to the loins. This may be be followed by a very thin pulp of 

 the best ground mustard made with tepid water, rubbed in against the 

 direction of the hair, and covered up with paper and a blanket. This 

 may be kept on for an hour, or until the skin thickens and the hair 

 stands erect. It may then be rubbed or sponged off and the blanket re- 

 applied. When the action of the bowels has been started it may be kept 

 up by a daily dose of two or three ounces of Glauber salts. 



During recovery a course of bitter tonics (nux vomica one scruple, 

 ground gentian root four drams), should be given. The patient should 

 also be guarded against cold, wet, and any active exertion for some time 

 after all active symptoms have subsided. 



