154 '^^^ HORSB. 



Public watering troughs and the feed boxes of boarding-stables and 

 the tavern stables of market towns are among the most common recip- 

 ients for the virus of glanders, which is most dangerous in its fresh 

 state, but cases have been known to be caused by feeding animals 

 in the box or stall in which glandered animals had stood more than a 

 j'ear before. 



The horse, the ass, and the mule, are the animals which are the most 

 susceptible to contract glanders, but in these we find a much greater re- 

 ceptivity in the ass and mule than we do in the horse. In the ass and 

 mule in almost all cases the period of incubation is short and the disease 

 develops in an acute form. We find that the race of horse infected in- 

 fluences the character of the disease; in full-blooded, fat horses, of a 

 sanguinary temperament, the disease usually develops in an acute form, 

 while in the lymphatic, cold-blooded, more common race of horses, the 

 disease usually assumes a chronic form. 



In the dog the inoculation of glanders may develop a constitutional 

 disease with all the symptoms which are found in the horse, but more 

 frequently the virus pullulates only at the point of inoculation, remain- 

 ing for some time as a local sore, which may then heal, leaving a per- 

 fectly sound animal; but while the local sore is continuing to ulcerate, 

 and specific virus exists in it, it may be the carrier of contagion to other 

 animals. In man we find a greater receptivity to glanders than in the 

 dog, and in many unfortunate cases the virus spreads from the point 

 of inoculation to the entire system and destroys the wretched mortal by 

 extensive ulcers of the face and hemmorrhage, or by destruction of the 

 lung tissue; in other cases, however, most fortunately, glanders may 

 develop as in the dog, only in local form, not infecting the constitution 

 and terminating in recovery, while the specific ulcer by proper treat- 

 ment is turned into a simple one. In the cat species glanders is more 

 destructive than in the dog. The ' point of inoculation ulcerates rap- 

 idly and the entire system becomes infected. A pack of wolves in the 

 Philadelphia Zoological Garden died in ten days after being fed with the 

 meat of a glandered horse. The rabbit, Guinea pig and mice are spec- 

 ially susceptible to the inoculation of glanders, and the recent discover- 

 ies in regard to this disease have made these animals most convenient 

 witnesses and proofs of the existence of suspected cases of the glanders 

 in other animals by the results of successful inoculations. 



A litter of kittens lapped the blood from the lungs of a glandered 

 horse on which an autopsy was being made, and in four days almost 



