GLANDERS OR FARCY. 1 59 



diagnostic, although it has in it certain appearances and conditions 

 which often render the animal suspicious to the eye of the expert veter- 

 inarian, while without the presence of local lesions he would be unable 

 to state on what he has based his opinion. 



Acute Glanders. In the acute form of glanders we have the 

 symptoms which we have just studied in chronic farcy and in chronic 

 glanders in a more acute and aggravated form. We have a rapid out- 

 break of tubercules in the respiratory tract which rapidly degenerate into 

 chancres and pour out a considerable discharge from the nostrils. We 

 have a cough of more or less severity according to the amount and site 

 of the local eruption. We have over the surface of the body swellings 

 which are rapidly followed by farcy buttons, which break into ulcers; we 

 have the indurated cords and enlargement of the lymphatics. 



Bleeding from the nose, sudden swelling of one of the hind-legs, and 

 the swelling of the testicles are apt to precede an acute eruption of the 

 glanders. As the Symptoms become more marked the animal has diffi- 

 culty of respiration, the flanks heave, the respiration becomes rapid, the 

 pulse becomes quickened, and the temperature becomes elevated to 103°, 

 104°, or 105" F. 



With the other symptoms of an acute fever the general appearance 

 and station of the animal is that of one suffering from an acute pneu- 

 monia, but on examination, while we may find sibilant and mucous rales 

 over the side of the chest, and may possibly hear tubular murmurs at 

 the base of the neck over the trachea, we fail to find the tubular murmur 

 or the large area of dullness on percussion over the sides of the chest 

 which belongs to simple pneumonia. 



Cases of chronic farcy and glanders, if not destroyed, may live in a 

 depraved condition until the animal dies from general emaciation and 

 anaemia, but in the majority of cases, from some sudden exposure to 

 cold, it develops an an acute pneumonia or other simple inflammatory 

 trouble which starts up the latent disease and the animal has acute 

 glamders. 



In the ass, mule, and plethoric horses, acute glanders usually termi- 

 nates by lobular pneumonia. In other cases the general symptoms may 

 subside. The symptoms of pneumonia gradually disappear, the tem- 

 perature lowers, the pulse bscomes slower, the ulcers heal, leaving small 

 indurated cicatrices, and the animal may return to apparent health, or 

 may at least be able to do a small amount of work with but a few symp- 

 toms of the disease remaining in a chronic form. During the attack of 



