236 I'HB HORS:^. 



nure swarming with the acri explains the trouble, and the removal of 

 this and a whitewashing with quick lime with or without chloride of 

 lime will prevent future attacks. The skin may still require bland oint- 

 ments or lotions, as for congestion. 



Autumn Mange. This parasite is often called the Harvest Bug, 

 misnamed Jigger (Chigoe), a brick red acarus, visible to the naked eye 

 on a dark ground, and living on green vegetation in many localities. It 

 attacks man, and the horse, ox, dog, etc., burrowing under the skin and 

 giving rise to small papules and intolerable irritation. This continues 

 for two or three daj's only if no fresh acari are received, but will last un- 

 til cold weather sets in if a fresh colony is received every day. Horses 

 at pasture suffer mainly on the lower part of the face. If kept indoors 

 the disease will disappear, or if left at pasture a weak tar water or solu- 

 'ion of tobacco may be applied to the face. 



VEGETABLE PARASITES OF THE SKIN. 



RingwortQ or Tinea Tonsurans. This is especially common in 

 young horses coming into training and work, in low-conditioned colts in 

 winter and spring after confinement indoors and during shedding of the 

 hair, in lymphatic rather than nervous subjects, and at the same time in 

 several animals that have herded together. The disease is common to 

 man, and among the domestic animals, to horse, ox, goat, dog, cat, and 

 in rare instances to sheep and swine. Hence it is common to animals of 

 different species and their attendants suffering at once, the diseases hav- 

 ing been propagated from one to the other. 



In the horse the symptoms are the formation of a circular scruffy 

 patch where the fungus (tricophyton tonsurans) has established itself, 

 the hairs of the affected spot being erect, bristly, twisted, broken, or 

 split up aud dropping off. Later the spot first affected has become en- 

 tirely bald, a circular row of hairs around this are erect, bristly, broken, 

 and split. These in turn are shed and a new row outside passes through 

 the same process, so that the extension is made in a more or less circu- 

 lar outline. The central bald spot covered with a grayish scruff and 

 surrounded by a circle of broken and split hairs, is characteristic. If the 

 scruff and diseased hairs are treated with caustic potash solution and put 

 under the microscope the natural cells of the cuticle and hair will be 

 seen to have become transparent, while the groups of spherical celJ* and 



