294 catti^b;. 



States, chiefly or altogether for milk production. Hundreds of them in 

 herds, more or less in numbers, are kept in several of our Northern and 

 Western States, with decided approval by their owners and propagators, 

 as superior milk-producers. Although about equal to tnem in size, they 

 lack the rotundity and fullness of the short-horn in shaoe, are coarser 

 in the bone, less graceful in outline of anatomy, larger consumers of 

 forage, yet no doubt compensating for this latter demand in the full flow 

 of milk they jdeld. 



Birth. In the birth of calves the fore feet appear first, the head 

 resting on the fore legs, the back upward. After delivery always feel 

 for a second calf. 



Twins are quite frequent. They sometimes lie in opposite directions 

 (see manikin of cow). Twins are small and seldom is there any 

 difficulty at birth. When they become "fixed" in the passage, tie a 

 rope about the fore legs of first calf, and hold tightly to it, while 

 the second is gently forced back into the uterus. This will allow the 

 first calf to be removed normalh-, and subsequently the second one. 



Retained After-birth. If after-birth is not expelled in forty-eight 

 hours, the hand should be gently passed into the uterus, and the after- 

 birth very carefully separated from the sixty or seventy cotyledons 

 to which it is attached. Should bleeding result, dash cold water over 

 the loins. If it be serious give two ounces fresh ergot of rye. 



After removal of after-birth wash the uterus with chlorinated lime, 

 twenty-five per cent, solution. Give gentle physic. Plenty of good 

 gruel. 



Obstructed Teats. Caused by minute tumors or milk stones in 

 canal of teat. Pass a silver or other probe. A clean, oiled knitting 

 needle will do. Boil all instruments before inserting in teat. 



How to Retain Calf Bed. Insert a long necked quart bottle in the 

 vagina, running it in backward, tie a cord to the cork made of wood, 

 then make with a small knife blade two holes, one in each lip of 

 the vulva vagina, and tie the string in the holes, which will hold the 

 bottle firmly in place, thus retaining the calf bed. I^eave two or three 

 days, or until inflammation has subsided. 



