CATTLE. 313 



down much and moves with reluctance, moans occasionally and has a 

 tottering gait. _ The ears and horns are alternately hot and cold ; in cows 

 the secretion of milk is much diminished, and that which is secreted has 

 a bitter taste ; sometimes the animal has a dry, painful cough and pre- 

 sents a dull, stupefied appearance. 



Treatment. In such cases it is advisable to produce a free action of 

 the bowels, so as to remove the usually congested condition of the 

 portal vein and liver. For this purpose we recommend the administra- 

 tion of the following dose: sulphate of soda, sixteen ounces; fluid ex- 

 tract of taraxacum, half an ounce. The sulphate of soda is dissolved by 

 stirring it up in two quarts of tepid water. The extract of taraxacum is 

 mixed in with it, and the mixture should be administered at one dose. 

 When a purgative effect has been produced, a dram of sulphate of cin- 

 chonidia, half an ounce of flu i extract of taraxacum and an ounce of 

 spirits of nitrous ether may be shaken up in a pint of water, and given 

 night and morning for several days in succession. This treatment may 

 be assisted by giving occasional injections of warm water and soap. The 

 diet should be laxative and moderate in quantity, and may consist of 

 coarse bran mash, pulped roots, grass in the season and hay in moderate 

 quantity. 



Inflammation of the I<iver, or Hepatitis. This is a more ad- 

 vanced stage of the disease already described. Hepatitis is frequently 

 restricted to a special part of the liver, and the rest of the organ outside 

 the area of inflammation may continue comparatively healthy. 



The gland cells are the seat of inflammation, and the formation of an 

 abscess or abscesses is a usual result. 



Symptoms. The symptoms are somewhat obscure, and their real 

 significance is frequently overlooked. This may be accounted for by 

 the fact that only a part of the liver is affected and that by the continu- 

 ance of congestion in that organ the affected parts gradually undergo 

 those changes which are characteristic of inflammation. The most 

 prominent symptoms are yellowness of the white of the eye and of the 

 membrane lining the mouth; the appetite is poor; the body presents an 

 emaciated appearance, but there is frequently fullness at the lower part 

 of the abdomen. The gait is weak, and the animal lies down more than 

 usual, and while doing so frequently has its head turned round resting 

 on the side of its chest. 



Treatment. Half a pound of sulphate of soda and half an ounce 

 of fluid extract of taraxacum should be mixed with two quarts of tepid 



