STANDARD RECEIPTS. 475 



a red color, it will sometimes disappear by moistening it with water and 

 holding over the mouth of a bottle of ammonia so that the fumes may 

 come in contact with it. In general, however, the acid stain should be 

 neutralized by the direct application, drop by drop, of strong ammonia, 

 meanwhile watching carefully the colors of the fabric, so that they may 

 not be injured. 



Coflfee Stains. Coffee stains may usually be removed by moisten- 

 ing the spots and holding them over the fumes of a small piece of sul- 

 phur placed in an iron vessel. Sulphur being an acid, the stained parts 

 must at once be carefully washed with water containing a little soda or 

 ammonia to save the fibre from injury. If a spot is quite small, it 

 may be moistened and held over the fumes of a few sulphur matches. 

 The vapor from burning sulphur will often remove stains that nothing 

 else will affect. But the fabric must be immediately and thoroughly 

 rinsed in every instance. 



To Remove Paint. Paint and varnish may be removed by using 

 turpentine, gasolene or benzine. On silk, ether gives the best results. 

 Old spots on woolen goods should be covered with olive oil and allowed 

 to remain for several hours; then treat with chloroform. This applies 

 also to all resinous stains. 



Kalsomine Stains. Kalsomine yields at once to water and acetic 

 acid, though like all stains, even these simple blemishes may be fixed in 

 cloth, if unduly experimented with. 



Iron Rust. This is removed by holding the spot over a bowl of 

 water to which a little ammonia has been added, and applying with a 

 glass rod, or a small piece of wood, eighteen per cent, muriatic acid. 

 The instant the stain disappears immerse the spot in the water thereby 

 preventing the acid from affecting the texture of the cloth. Before 

 using muriatic acid, it is best to test it on one corner of the fabric. 

 Should you find that it changes the colors, then treat as for ink stains 

 described above. 



Mildew. Generally speaking mildew is not affected by chemicals, 

 though it sometimes yields to their action. It may best be treated with 

 a st-til paste made by boiling down Castile soap shavings, spreading a 

 thick layer of this upon the stain and scattering over it some powdered 

 potash. Moi-sten slightly with water and bleach out on the grass. 



Javelle Water or Bleacliing Compound. Javelle water for 

 bleaching white goods is prepared as follows: place one pound of chlor- 

 ide of lime in an earthen jar having a tight cover and add four and a 



