486 STANDARD RECEIPTS. 



pepper are macerated in eight ounces of strong alcohol for several days, 

 then strained. With this tincture the furs or clothes are sprinkled over 

 and rolled up in sheets. 



6. Carefully shake and brush woolens in the spring, so as to be cer- 

 tain that no eggs are in them; then sew them up in cotton or linen 

 wrappers, putting a piece of camphor gum, tied up in a bit of muslin, 

 into each bundle, or into the chests and closets where the articles are to 

 lie. No moth will approach while the smell of camphor continues. 

 When the gum is evaporated it must be renewed. Enclose them in a 

 moth-proof box with camphor. Furs or woolens put away in spring 

 time, before moth eggs are laid, into boxes, trunks, or closets even, 

 where moths cannot enter, will be safe from the ravages of mothworms, 

 provided none were in them that were laid late in the autumn, for they 

 are not of spontaneous production. 



Flies, Their Habits and Kinds. Flies are scavengers and eat 

 not only the sweet things and fresh blood, but also things unclean, espe- 

 cially decaying animal substances. With their proboscis, sucking up the 

 juices which by evaporation would contaminate the air, they are very 

 useful indeed, in the houses of slovenly housekeepers. 



The blue-bottle, or blow-fly, deposits its eggs on animal substances, 

 which are recognized as fly-blows. In a warm temperature they hatch 

 in three or four hours after they are laid, and then are called larvae or 

 maggots. The maggots from three flies will consume a dead horse al- 

 most as quickly as a lion. So voracious are they that they increase in 

 weight about two hundred times in twenty-four hours. 



The flesh-fly, a little longer than the blow-fly, drops living maggots 

 on dead fish, the maggots being hatched within the fly. 



The cheese-fly is very small; of a shining black color, with transparent 

 wings and yellow hind legs. It deposits about two hundred or two 

 hundred and fifty eggs into the cracks in cheese, which are developed in- 

 to skippers. 



The maggots of some species of flies spin cocoons; with others, the 

 skin simply hardens and incases the pupa, or chrysahs. At length the 

 fully developed fly makes its escape by forcing off with its head the 

 chrysalis case. 



The different-sized flies, are different varieties, and not young and old, 

 as some suppose; for flies never grow to any very perceptible extent. A 

 large pooportion of the swarms of flies hatched during the warm weather 

 of summer are destroyed by the frosts of winter. Only a few that are so 



