i,b;gal dbpartmbnt. 575 



will make him a citizen, the Declaration must have been made two years 

 before. 



Oath of Allegiance. This can be taken after five years residence 

 in the United States, provided the Declaration of Intention has been 

 taken at least two years before. 



Exceptions. The following exceptions lessen the time of residence 

 to become a citizen, and also changes the manner of becoming a citizen. 



1 . A alien who has served in the United States army and been honor- 

 ably discharged, may become a citizen without declaration of intention, 

 provided he has resided in the United States one year. 



2 . An alien who came to the United States under eighteen years of age 

 can become a citizen after being here five years by only taking one oath, 

 and that is the oath of allegiance. 



3. Aliens who become citizens make all their children citizens, who 

 are under the age of twenty-one at the time of their becoming citizens, 

 provided they are dwelling in the United States at the time of their par- 

 ents' naturalization. All over twenty-one and those living in a foreign 

 country, must take the general course of naturalization. 



NoTB — It is not generally known that women are obliged to take the 

 same steps to become citizens as men. They are, however, made 

 citizens upon the naturalization of their husbands, or upon marrying a 

 citizen. 



PRINCIPAL AND AGENT. 



Definition. ' 'An agent is one who acts for, in the name, and by the 

 authority of another, who is called the principal. 



Tlieory. The theory of the law is that whatever business a man 

 may do for himself, he may employ another to do for him; and what- 

 ever is done for him by his authority, is to be held the same as though 

 he did it himself. 



Extent. When we consider the fact, that every clerk, laborer, or 

 employee, is the agent of the one who employs him, we see how impos- 

 sible it would be to conduct business without the medium of agency. 

 There are in the employ of the New York Central and Hudson River 

 Railroads some fifteen thousand persons; each one of whom is an agent 

 of the company. 



How long could Vanderbilt run his great railroad if himself compelled 



