VIOLA. 37 



streaks. — Bogs in mountainous districts. P. IV. — VI. Marsh 

 Violet. 



** Stigma hooked ; beak deflexed. Nearly stemless. Fruit- 

 stalks prostrate. 



2. V. odorata (L.) ; anth.-spurs lancet-shaped decurved blunt, 

 spur of the cor. obtuse straight, lateral pet. entire lower one 

 emarginate, 1. cordate, stoles creeping. — E.B. 619. R. iii. — Anth.- 

 spurs narrowed to an obtuse point. Anth.-cells diverging below. 

 Spurs of the pet. inflated towards the end, slightly channeled 

 above. Fl. purple, often white, sweet-scented. Bracts above 

 the middle of the flowerstalk. Petioles with deflexed hairs. 

 Lateral pet. usually with a hairy line, or without when it is V. 

 imberbis Leight. Caps, globose, downy. — Common. P. III. IV, 

 Sweet Violet. 



3. V. hiria (L.) ; anth.-spurs nearly linear blunt, spur of the 

 cor. obtuse hooked at the end, pet. entire or slightly emarginate, 

 1. cordate, stoles wanting. — E. B. 894. R. iii. — Anth.-spurs 

 scarcely broader at the base than at the apex. Anth.-cells diver- 

 ging below. Spur of the petals compressed, not channeled. Fl. 

 pale blue, sometimes white, scentless. Lateral pet. usually with 

 a hairy line. Bracts below the middle of the flowerstalk. Stip. 

 not hispid at the margin. Petioles with spreading hairs. Caps. 

 globose, downy. — 0. calcarea (Bab.) ; fl. smaller, ped. much 

 longer than the leaves, sep. oblong-ovate. — Common on lime- 

 stone. /3. Gogmagog Hills. Portland. P. IV. V. Hairy Violet. 



*** Stigma hooked ; beak horizontal. Having a stem. 

 Fruitstalks erect. 



t Root not rhizomatous. 



4. V. sylvatica (Fries) ; anth.-spurs narrowly lancet-shaped 

 (6 times as long as broad), cor.-spur blunt, 1. broadly cordate, 

 st.-l. longer subacuminate, stipules' lanceolate fimbriate much 

 shorter than the petioles, flowering branches axillary from a short 

 flowerless central rosette of leaves. — R. iii. 12. V. canina E. B. 

 620. — Fl. lilac, spur paler, scentless. Cor.-spur 3 — 6 times ex- 

 ceeding the cal. -appendages. Lower pet. cuneate-spathulate. — 

 V. riviniana ( R. ) is a large-flowered form. V.flavicornis (Forst.), 

 E. B. S. 2736, is a dwarf form having small 1. and large flowers 

 with a pale or sometimes yellow spur. — Common on hedgebanks 

 or in thickets. P. IV. V. 



5. V. canina (L.) ; anth.-spur lancet-shaped (3 times as long 

 as broad), cor.-spur blunt, 1. cordate-oblong roundedly acute, 



' The stipules on about the middle of the stem should always be ex- 

 amined in determining the species of Viola. 



