40 II. polygalacejE. 



though not always, emarginate. — In hogs, rather rare, common 

 in Ireland. P. VII. VIII. 



2. Parnassia Linn. 



1. P. palustris (L.); filaments of the petaloid scales 9 — 13, 

 pet. with a short claw, radical 1. cordate stalked, stem-1. amplexi- 

 eaul. — E. B. 82. — Pet. white, veined. Glands of the scales 

 yellow. . L. mostly radical. — Wet and boggy places, particularly 

 In the north. P.VIII.— X. 



Order XI. POLYGALACEiE. 



Sep. 5, imbricate, irregular, 2 interior much larger petaloid. 

 Pet. unequal, usually 3, 1 anterior and larger than the rest. 

 Stani. monadelphous, separating above into 2 equal opposite 

 bundles. Anth. 1-celled, opening by a pore at their apex. Caps. 

 1 — '2-celled, with placentas in the axis. Seeds pendulous, usually 

 with an arillus at the base. 



1. PoLVGALA. Sep. 5, persistent, 2 inner (wings) broader 

 and often petaloid. Cor. irregular. Pet. 3 — 5, connected 

 together, the lower one keelshaped. Caps, compressed. 

 Seeds solitary, with a 3-pointed basal arillus. — Fl. crested. 



1. PoLYGALA iraa. Milkwort. 



1. P. vulgaris (L.) ; lower I. smaller oblong, upper 1. linear- 

 lanceolate, cal. -wings obovate mucronate their veins branched 

 the lateral joining a branch of the central vein, caps, obcordate, 

 lateral bracts shorter than the pedicels. — E. B. 76. — St. pro- 

 strate, ascending. L. scattered. Racemes terminal. Fl. blue, 

 pink, or white. Central vein of wings nearly simple ending in a 

 mucro ; lateral only branched externally ; branches joining in 

 loops and also with the upper ones of the central vein. Lobes 

 of arillus unequal, blunt, lateral ones J as long as the seed which 

 is a little stalked within the arillus. — /3. P. depressa (Wend.) ; 

 lower 1. mostly opposite and crowded, st. long prostrate wiry, 

 racemes ultimately lateral. P. serpillacea Weihe. — P. oxyptera 

 (R.); fl. smaller, fr. broader than the wings. E. B. S. 2827. — 

 A plant from Ben Bulben, Sligo, has oblong smallish lower 1., 

 large lanceolate upper 1., elliptical apiculate cal. -wings whose 

 lateral veins rejoin the mostly simple central vein near its tip and 

 have many netlike veins externally ; deep blue flowers. It is 

 probably a fine state of this species and may be the var. grandi- 

 flora (W. and G.). — Dry pastures and peaty fens. P. VI. — IX. 



2. P. calcarea (F. Sch.) ; I. chiefly in an irregular terminal 

 tuft large obovate obtuse, upper 1. smaller lanceolate, cal.-wincrs 



