162 44. DIPSACACE^. 



inclosed between 2 elevated curved ribs (barren cells) convex be- 

 hind, cvme lax spreading, its branches long divaricated. — Fedia 

 Sm., E. B. 1370. R. xii. 710. V. Morisonii DC— Teeth of the 

 crown spreading or all incurved except the largest. Fr. smooth 

 or hairy. Fl. corymbose. — Corn-fields and banks. A. VI. VII. 



5. V. eriocarpa (Desv.) ; fr. oval crowned with the large ob- 

 lique open unequally 5 — 7-toothed calyx flat in front with an 

 oval space inclosed between 2 elevated curved ribs (barren cells) 

 convex behind, cyme condensed.^ — Very different in habit from 

 the preceding but scarcely affording any specific character. A 

 variety?— Great Orme's Head, N. Wales. A. VI. E. 



Order XLIV. DIPSACACE^. 



Fl. capitate. Cal. superior, surrounded by an involucel which 

 closely invests the ripe fruit. Cor. 4 — 5-fid with unequal lobes. 

 Stam. 4, inserted in the tube, free; filaments not jointed. Style 1. 

 Stigma simple. Ovary 1 -celled with a pendulous ovule. Fr. 

 crowned with the pappus-like calyx. Embryo in fleshy albumen. 



1. DiPSACUS. Calyx cupshaped. Involucel forming a thick- 

 ened margin to the ovary. Cor. 4-fid. Receptacle with 

 spinous scales shorter than the involucre. Fr. with 4 sides 

 and 8 little depressions. 



2. Knautia. Calyx cupshaped with radiant teeth. Involu- 

 cel terminating in 4 small teeth. Receptacle hairy ; scales 0. 

 Fr. vrith 4 sides and 4 little depressions. 



3. ScABiosA. Calyx of 4 or 5 bristles. Involucel membra- 

 nous and plaited. Receptacle scaly. Fr. nearly cylindrical 

 with 8 excavations. 



1. DipsAcxis Linn. Teasel. 



1. D. sylvestris (L.) ; 1. opposite undivided sessile, stem-1. 

 connate, scales of the receptacle straight at the end exceeding the 

 flowers, involucres curved upwards. — E. B. 1032. — St. 5 — 6 feet 

 high, prickly, leafy, branched. Heads of fl. large, conical, over- 

 topped by the slender ascending involucre. — Hedges and road- 

 sides. B. VIII. IX. IVild Teasel. 



[2. D. Fullonum (L.) ; 1. opposite undivided sessile, stem-1. 

 connate, scales of the receptacle hooked at the end equalling the 

 flowers, involucres reflexed. — E. B. 2080. — St. 5 — 6 feet high, 

 prickly, leafy, branched. Heads of fl. obtuse, conical, about 

 equalling the spinous spreading involucre. — West of England, 

 scarcely wild. B. VIII. IX. Teasel.] 



