182 45. COMPOSITE. 



phyll. very short glabrous, ray small revolute, fr. silky. — E. B. 

 748.— St. 1 — 2 feet high, erect, more or less branched, hairy. 

 L. narrower than in the last. Involucres conical ; florets yellow. 

 —0. S. lividus (Sm.) ; upper 1. distinctly auricled and clasping. 

 E. B. 2615.— Dry and gravelly places. A. VII.— IX. 



** Heads with spreading rays. Leaves pinnatifid. 



*4. S. squalidus {\j.) ; I. pinnatifid ^sh-eows, segments linear 

 or ohlong distant toothed irregular, heads loosely corymbose, in- 

 volucre glabrous, outer phyll. few small, fr. silky. — E. B. 600. 

 S. chrysanthemifolius DC. — St. much branched, leafy, smooth. 

 L. sessile, often auricled, deeply and irregularly lohed. Heads 

 few, broad. Outer phyll. very small, sometimes very few. Many 

 awlshaped scattered bracts below the heads. Florets yellow. — 

 Walls. Oxford. Bideford, Devon. A. VI.— X. E. 



5. S. erucifolius (L.); I. pinnatifid margins somewhat revolute 

 downy beneath, lower 1. stalked, segments linear the lowermost 

 smallest entire and clasping the stem, outer phyll. half as long as 

 the inner, fr. all silky. — E. B. 574. S. tenuifolius Sm. — Root 

 creeping. St. erect, 2 feet high, angular, furrowed, somewhat 

 cottony, simple. Lower 1. oblong-ovate deeply pinnatifid, the 

 segments often linear, downy on both surfaces but particularly 

 beneath. Fr. all having persistent pappus. Florets yellow. 

 When the 1. are divided into very narrow segments it is S. tenui- 

 folius Jacq. — Calcareous soils. P. VII. Vlll. 



6. S. Jacobcea (L.); lower I. oblong-ovate attenuated below 

 lyrate-pinnatifid stalked, stem-1. sessile bipinnatifid, segments 

 spreading oblong deeply and irregularly toothed and cut lower- 

 most much divided clasping, outer phyll. scattered few, fr. hairy 

 those of the ray glabrous. — E. B. 1130. — Root fleshy. St. 2 — 3 

 feet high, smooth, striated, branched, leafy. Corymb with erect 

 branches. L. glabrous. Fr. of the ray with deciduous pappus. 

 Florets vellow. Ray sometimes wanting. — Waste ground. P. 

 VII.— IX. Ragwort. 



7. S. aquations (Huds.) ; lower I. stalked crenate or dentate 

 obovate or oblong slightly produced at the base undivided or sub- 

 lyrate obtuse, upper 1. lyrate or pinnately cut, segments oblong 

 or linear, st. round corymbosely branched,/?-, all glabrous suh- 

 muricate. — E. B. 1131. — St. erect, 1 — 4 feet high, simple or 

 branched in the upper half, branches ascending. Terminal lobe 

 of the lower 1. rounded below and narrowed into its stalk. — 

 0. major; 1. lyrate, terminal lobe truncate or subcordate below, 

 segments subspathulate. St. with many branches. — In marshy 

 places. P. VII. VIII. 



