190 45. COMPOSITiE. 



root csespitose producing several stems. — Boggy meadows. P. 

 VI.— VIII. 



9. C. tuberosus (L.) ; 1. lanceolate deeply pinnatifid pilose 

 above hairy or slightly cottony beneath fringed with minute 

 prickles, stem-l. sessile not decurrent, lobes 2 — 3-tid, involucres 

 ovate terminal 1 — 3 together sHghtly cottony, phyll. lanceolate 

 mucronate adpressed, root of elliptical tapering fleshy fibres. — 

 E. B. 2662. Cir. bulbosum DC, Koch.— St. 2 feet high, erect, 

 round, hairy, leafless above the middle with a few minute bracts. 

 Lower 1. stalked, stem-l.nearly or quite sessile. — Great-ridge Wood 

 near Boyton, Wilts. (See Cyb. Brit. iii. 455.) P. VIII. IX. E. 



10. C. acaulis (L.) ; I. glabrous radical lanceolate pinnatifid, 

 lobes subtrifid spinose, involucre ovate glabrous nearly sessile 

 mostly solitary, outer phyll. ovate inner ones gradually longer 

 adpressed, root with, filiform fibres. — E.B. 161. S^24. 16. — St. 

 generally wanting; sometimes 3 — 12 in. long, leafy, woolly. L. all 

 stalked, glabrous except a few hau-s upon the ribs beneath. 

 Heads very large, fl. crimson. — /3. C dubius (Willd.) ; st. much 

 branched woolly a foot or more in height. Willd. Fl. Berol. 

 f. 11. Perhaps a hybrid between this and C. arvensis. — Dry 

 calcareous pastures. /3. Saffron Walden, Essex. Mr. G. S. Gibson. 

 P. VII.— IX. 



11. C. heterophyllus (L.) ; /. clasping not decurrent glabrous 

 above white and downy beneath lanceolate serrate fringed with 

 minute prickles, root-1. with long stalks clasping at the base, in- 

 volucres ovate slightly downy, phyll. ovate or lanceolate acumi- 

 nate adpressed. — E.B. 675. — Root creeping. St. 3 — 4 feet high, 

 furrowed, cottony, slightly branched above. Heads large and 

 handsome. L. very large, undivided. — Moist mountain pastures. 

 P. VII. VIII. E. S. 



Sections. SILYBE^. Filaments monadelphous. Pappus 

 in many rows. 



31. SihYBVM Gaert. Milk TMstle. 



I. S. marianum (Gaert.). — Carduus Sm., E. B. 976. — St. 3 — 4 

 feet high, ribbed and furrowed. L. very large, oblong-lanceolate, 

 wavy, clasping ; radical 1. pinnatifid, usually variegated with green 

 and milk-white. Heads large, globose. Phyll. closely adpressed 

 below, leaflike, with a long terminal recurved spine. Florets 

 purple, their tube very long. — Waste places. B. VI. VII. 



