LEONTODON. — SONCHUS. 195 



42. Leontodon Linn. Dandelion. 



1. L. Taraxacum (L.) ; 1. runcinate toothed, fr. linear-obovate 

 blunt and squamosely muricated at the summit longitudinally 

 striated with a long beak. — Stalks single-headed, radical. Florets 

 yellow. L. all radical, very variable, glabrous or slightly hispid. 

 — I. Outer involucral scales reflexed or patent. — o. L. Tarax- 

 acum (Sm.); outer scales linear deflexed, fr. yellow its upper half 

 muricated, glabrous or woolly at the crown of the root, 1. run- 

 cinate broad. E. B. 517. — ^. Taraaacum lamgatum (DC.) ; 

 outer scales erect-patent ovate, fr. reddish-yellow muricated at 

 the summit, beak with a thickened and coloured base, 1. runcinate- 

 pinnatifid with unequal teeth. — y. T. erythrospermum (DC.) ; 

 outer scales lanceolate adpressed or patent, fr. bright red muri- 

 cated at the summit, beak with a thickened and coloured base, 

 1. runcinate-pinnatifid with unequal teeth and intermediate 

 smaller ones. Lowermost 1. sometimes obovate and dentate, 

 not runcinate when it becomes T. ohovatum DC. — II. Outer 

 scales adpressed. — 8. L. palustre (Sm.); outer scales ovate- 

 acuminate, fr. pale yellow or brovm muricated at the summit, 

 1. oblong and entire sinuate-dentate or runcinate; or outer scales 

 ovate-lanceolate or (L. leptocephalum R.) lanceolate. E. B. 553. 

 — Very common, y. in dry places, S. in bogs or damp places. 

 P. III.— X. 



43. SoNCHUs Linn. Sowthistle. 



1. S. oleraceus (L.); 1. undivided or pinnatifld toothed clasp- 

 ing, auricles spreading arrowshaped, fr. transversely rugose and 

 longitudinally ribbed, St. branched, heads subumbellate, involucres 

 glabrous.— i;. B. 843.— St. 2—3 feet high. L. flattish, lower 

 stalked. Florets yellow. — ^. glandulosus {6a.nA.); topof st., ped., 

 and inv. bearing gland-tipped hairs. — Common. A. VI. — VlII. 

 Sowthistle. 



2. S, asper (HofFm.) ; 1. undivided or pinnatifld sharply toothed 

 clasping, auricles rounded, fr. longitudinally ribbed smooth, st. 

 branched, heads subumbellate, involucres glabrous. — E. B. S. 

 2765, 2766.— St. 2—3 feet high. L. crisped, lower stalked. 

 Florets yellow. — Common. A. VI. — VIII. Sowthistle. 



3. S. arvensis (L.) ; 1. lanceolate runcinate finely toothed cor- 

 date at the base, uppermost 1. entire, st. simple, heads corymbose, 

 involucre and peduncles glandular-hairy, fr. with transversely ru- 

 gose ribs, root creeping.— E. B. 674.— St. 3—4 feet high, leafy. 

 L. long, acute. Heads large, florets yellow. — Fields and waste 

 ground. P. VIII. IX. Corn Sowthistle. 



4. S. palustris (L.) ; 1. linear-lanceolate " lower runcinate," 

 upper I. simple, all arrowshaped spinosely-ciliated, auricles acute, 



K 2 



