308 77. AMENTIFER^. 



always more or less ovate. Stip. ovate, blunt, twice as long as 

 broad ; sides deflexed. Buds ovate. Not so elegant a tree as 

 the preceding and often little more than a bush. Twigs some- 

 times pendulous. — /3. B. pubescens (Ehrh.) ; 1. peduncles and 

 young twigs downy. — Common. T. IV. V. Common Birch. 



3. B. nana (L.) ; I. roundish crenate glabrous, crenatures ob- 

 tuse, scales of the fem. catkin digitate-trifid, lobes equal, fr. or- 

 bicular with a very narrow membranous margin. — E. B. 2326. — 

 A small procumbent shrub. L. minute. Catkins subsessile, 

 small. — Turfy places in the Highlands. Sh. V. Dwarf Birch. S. 



5. Alnus Tourn. Alder. 



1. A. glutinosa (Gaert.); 1. roundish obtuse wavy serrate 

 glutinous rather abrupt with a wedgeshaped base, axils of the 

 veins beneath downy.— iJ. B. 1508. R. xii. 631. St. 29. 16.— 

 Trunk and branches crooked. Male catkins long and pendent ; 

 fem. ones short, ovate or oblong, very persistent. A moderately 

 large tree. — /3. incisa ; leaves deeply cut. — Wet places and river- 

 banks. /3. Galloway. S. Dr. Balfour. T. III. 



Tribe IV. Cupuliferce. 

 6. Fagus Linn. Beech. 



1. F. sylvatica (L.) ; 1. ovate glabrous obsoletely dentate ciliate 

 on the edges. — E. B. 1846. R. xii. 639. — A large tree. — Woods, 

 particularly on calcareous soils. T. III. IV. 



7. Castanea Tourn. Chestnut. 



fl . C. vulgaris (Lam.) : 1. oblong-lanceolate acuminate mu- 

 cronate-serrate glabrous on each side. — Fagus Sm., E. B. 886. 

 R. xii. 640. — Height 50 — 80 feet. A magnificent tree. A doubtful 

 native, often planted. T. V. Sweet Chestnut. E. 



8. QuERCUS Linn. Oak. 



1. Q. Rohur (L.) ; 1. deciduous stalked obovate-oblong sinuate, 

 lobes blunt, inv. much shorter than the ripe nut its scales ad- 

 pressed. — o. Q. peduncttlata (Ehrh.) ; young branches glabrous, 

 petioles short, fr.-catkins long-stalked, fr. scattered. E. B. 1342. 

 — /3. Q.intermedia{D. Don); young branches glabrous, petioles 

 short, 1. stellate-downy beneath, fr.-catkins shortly stalked, fr. 

 approximate. Mart. Rust. l\. — y. Q. sessiliflora {Sm.) ; young 

 branches downy, petioles long, 1. glabrous beneath, fr.-catkins 

 subsessile, fr. approximate. E. B. 1845. — It is generally sup- 

 posed by foresters that there are two species of Oak in Britain. 

 I have failed in learning how to distinguish them. — Woods. T. 

 IV. V. 



