THE SPRAYING OF FRUITS. 255 



Potassium Sulphite Solution. 



Potassium Sulphite, . . . X to i oz. 

 Water i gal. 



This loses strength on standing and should be used at once. 

 The standard fungicide for gooseberry mildew, but scarcely 

 superior to Bordeaux for this purpose. 



Iron Sulphate and Sulphuric Acid Solution.— ^ atev (hot) 100 

 parts ; iron sulphate, as much as the water will dissolve ; sul- 

 phuric acid (commercial), i part. 



The solution should be prepared just before using. Add 

 the acid to the crystals, and then pour on the water. Used 

 for grape anthracnose, the dormant lines being treated by 

 means of sponges or brushes. 



Spray Calendar. 



(Adapted from Lodeman, Bulletin 114, Cornell Experiment 



Station.) 



In the following directions, only the most common and 

 serious orchard pests — both insects and fungi — are mentioned. 

 The number and sequence of the sprayings are indicated by 

 the figures. The sprayings which are commonly of least im- 

 ' portance in parentheses. No absolute rules can be given for 

 the spraying of plants. The fruit-g^rower must be able to 

 diagnose his trouble and to judge for himself how the weather, 

 abundance of the enemy, and other conditions should modify 

 the treatment. The calendar gives simply a few general 

 suggestions. The operator must fill in all the details. 



I. The Orchard. 



Apple — Scab. — i, Copper sulphate or Bordeaux before buds 

 swell ; 2, Bordeaux mixture when fruit-buds are opening, but 

 before flower-buds expand ; 3, repeat as soon as blossoms have 

 fallen; 4, Bordeaux mixture ten to fourteen days after the 

 third; (5, 6, repeat 4 at intervals of about two weeks). Two 

 or three sprayings are usually sufficient. Canker-worm. — i. 

 When first caterpillars appear, apply arsenites very thor- 

 oughly; 2, repeat i after three or four days; (3, 4, repeat 



