THE PEAR. 537 



flavor. October. Tree vigorous, shoots ascending, yellowish- 

 brown. It requires double working on the quince. New York, 

 l^ig. 721. 



Stevens' Genesee.* Large, round-obovate, often considerably flat- 

 tened; skin slightly rough, yellow; stalk an inch long, stout 

 thickest at insertion, more or less sunk in the base ; calyx short 

 stiff basin smooth ; flesh moderately fine-grained, half buttery' 

 slightly granular, with a rich, very good flavor. Ripens the first 

 of autumn and for some time afterward. Rots at core when not 

 gathered early. Shoots gray, leaves narrow. Origin, Livingston 

 County, N. Y. Fig. 723. 



DIVISION III.— WINTER PEARS, 



Class I. Distinct Pyriform. 



Aremburg. Medium or large, short pyriform. sometimes approach- 

 ing conic-obovate, neck rather small; skin thick, greenish-yellow, 

 partly russeted ; stalk short or half an inch to an inch long, thick, 

 oblique, thickening with flesh toward insertion; calyx erect; 

 basin deep, narrow ; flesh buttery, melting, rich, sub-acid, varia- 

 ble. Often too astringent. November and December. 



Bachelier and Dumas, described among autumn pears, pages 516 and 

 519, often keep into winter and become winter varieties. 



Barry.* Large, long pyriform ; skin orange-yellow, covered with 

 russet dots and blotches ; flesh juicy, buttery, rich, best. Resem- 

 bles Anjou in texture and Winter Nelis in color. Tree a poor 

 grower and must be double worked. Late winter. One of the 

 best winter varieties, extensively grown in California for Eastern 

 markets. It- has there supplanted Nelis to some extent. Cali- 

 fornia. 



Black Worcester. (Iron Pear, Black Pear of Worcester.) Large 

 pyriform (Diel-shaped), sometimes approaching oblong-ovate; 

 surface mostly covered with dark rough russet on a light green 

 surface ; stalk half an inch to an inch and a half long ; cavity none ; 

 calyx erect, basin small ; flesh hard, coarse, rich, somewhat aus- 

 tere ; stews and bakes well. An esteemed culinary sort, bearing 

 heavy crops, and proving profitable for market. Late autumn till 

 midwinter. Growth very crooked and straggling. Fig. 655. 



Catiliac. Large, short, conic-pyriform, approaching broad-turbi- 

 nate ; crown broad, flattened ; yellow, often with a reddish-brown 

 cheek ; stalk an inch to an inch and a half long, stout, cavity 

 small, wavy; calyx short, erect, or spread, basin large, plaited ; 

 flesh hard, but excellent for baking and stewing, becoming tender, 

 and of a light red color. Keeps through winter. French. 



Chaumontel. (Bezi de Chaumontelle. Winter Butter.) Large, 

 pyriform, body oblong or ovate, neck short, obtuse, often quite 

 obscure, and the form approaching obovate or oblong— largest at 

 the middle ; skin a little rough, yellowish in the shade, with more 

 or less brownish-red, and rich deep red in the sun ; stalk an inch 

 long, moderately sunk; basin deep, uneven, or angular; flesh 



