20 HOOFED ANIMALS 
weighed 432 pounds. This would indicate an average live 
weight of 404 pounds, and a maximum live weight of 604 
pounds. 
The accompanying map shows the range of the Musk-Ox, 
the southern limit of which is 64°. During the last twenty 
years whole herds have been killed in the Barren Grounds 
north of Great Slave and Great Bear Lakes, at Lady Franklin 
Bay, and on the eastern and northeastern coasts of Greenland 
and Grant Land. 
During the year 1899 a Swedish scientific expedition to the 
east coast of Greenland, under the leadership of Professor 
A. G. Nathorst, of the Natural History Museum of Stock- 
holm, made important and valuable contributions to the life 
history of Ovibos wardi. On the barren, rocky hillsides and 
level upland pastures surrounding Scoresby Sound and Liver- 
pool Bay, from Latitude 70° to about Latitude 74°, the expe- 
dition found Musk-Ox in herds of from three to sixty-seven 
individuals, until the total number observed amounted to 
between two hundred and thirty and two hundred and forty. 
For the first time this remarkable species was photographed 
in its wild haunts, by Professor Nathorst, Mr. Johannes Mad- 
sen and Mr. E. Nilson, and with very gratifying success. Of 
these pictures the most perfect is that which shows the leader 
of the expedition closely approaching a herd. 
Professor Nathorst states that to the leeward of a herd, the 
odor of the animals was noticeable at a distance of 100 metres, 
but that when a freshly slain animal is promptly and properly 
eviscerated, the flesh is free from musky flavors, and very 
good. 
