igogll Stanford Medical School 



seemed to me essentially a university subject — the The ideal 

 application of certain sciences to bodily welfare. Its ^"^^oo^ "/ 

 methods of instruction, therefore, ought to be those ™^ '""' 

 of the scientific laboratory; its teachers should be 

 devoted to the extension and diffusion of knowledge, 

 and placed accordingly on the same basis as other 

 university professors. They must, of course, have 

 opportunity, through hospital service and advisory 

 work, to keep abreast of modern methods as well as 

 of research, but they should not have to practice 

 medicine to make a living, nor use their positions for 

 self-advertising. 



Up to the end of the last century, most of our medi- Proprie- 

 cal schools had either no university relation at all ''"'^ '"^'^' 



... , . . . cat college 



or one m name only, their teachmg corps consistmg 

 usually of active practitioners who shared the gains 

 or losses of the unendowed enterprises with which 

 they were severally connected. Among these groups 

 were occasional great teachers and men of exalted 

 character; yet many of the schools might have been 

 termed fraudulent, having merely nominal stand- 

 ards for entrance and very low requirements for 

 graduation, so that the alumni they turned out too 

 often brought the medical profession into disrepute. 



In 1908, San Francisco had two medical schools of Toiiand 

 relatively high grade, the Tolland and the Cooper; "^^^^^^ 

 both, however, were mainly associations of practicing 

 physicians. Tolland was scantily endowed, although 

 nominally affiliated with the University of California, 

 a relation made integral in 191 2 when it was organ- 

 ized with high conditions of entrance and an excellent 

 body of teachers. Cooper Medical College, founded 

 by Dr. Levi Cooper Lane — a distinguished surgeon 

 — and named for his uncle. Dr. Levi Cooper, had 



C 281 3 



