-2- 



present a problem in this area. The overwintering population was low, and very lit- 

 tle corn is mature enough to support the survival of the borers. 



The pupation of corn borers has reached 90 percent in the central section, and a few 

 moths are emerging. Pupation is underway in the northern section, but the moths will 

 not emerge there for another week. The west -central section has the highest popula- 

 tion of overwintering borers (84 borers per 100 stalks of corn last fall) ; but even 

 there, only fields that were planted very early might have a problem. 



LIVESTOCK INSECTS 



Horn flies , face flies , and stable flies are just beginning to appear on pastured cat- 

 tle. Begin your control program early before the number of these flies builds up. 

 They cause reductions in milk flow and beef production. 



For dairy cattle, apply crotoxyphos (Ciodrin) as a 1- to 2 -percent, oil -base spray 

 ready-to-use. Use it at 1 to 2 ounces per animal two to four times a week, or as a 

 1-percent water-base spray at 1 pint per animal per week. As alternatives, you can 

 use oil -base sprays of 1 -percent dichlorvos (DDVP) or a 0.1 -percent pyrethrin spray 

 applied at 1 to 2 ounces per animal per day can be used. Pay particular attention to 

 the animal's legs and undersides when spraying. 



Ciodrin is the most effective insecticide for controlling face flies . All of the above , 

 insecticides provide good control of horn flies and fair control of stable flies. Dust i 

 bags containing insecticides like coumaphos (Co-Ral) or crotoxyphos (Ciodrin) effective- 

 ly control horn flies, but not face flies and stable flies. 



For beef cattle, apply a water-base spray of 0.5 -percent toxaphene at the rate of 1 to | 

 2 quarts per animal every three weeks. Toxaphene provides excellent control of horn 

 flies, fair control of stable flies, and poor control of face flies. If face flies be- i 

 come a serious problem, use crotoxyphos (Ciodrin) as suggested for dairy cattle. A can- ] 

 vas or burlap head-oiler or back-oiler, saturated with a solution of 5 -percent toxaphene I 

 in oil, will provide some relief against face flies. Do not apply toxaphene to beef 

 cattle within 28 days of slaughter. 



HOMEOWNER INSECT PROBLEMS 



Slugs are common in strawberry patches, garden crops, flower beds, and lawns. The wet 

 conditions have been favorable for their development. Slugs eat foliage and fruit, 

 and leave a trail of mucus as they crawl. They have been described as snails without 

 shells. Slugs are active at night and hide under boards and other debris during the 

 daylight hours. 



Heavy trash is conducive to slug development, so keep the garden cleanly cultivated. 

 Lay small pieces of flat boards between the rows of vegetables or strawberries. The 

 slugs will congregate beneath these boards, and can then be destroyed. A trap method 

 using stale beer has been employed successfully in small areas. Imbed small, 4-ounce 

 containers in the ground beneath foliage and fill them about half way with stale beer. 

 The slugs are attracted to the stale beer and tumble in from the edges of the contain- 

 ers. 



Bait formulations containing metaldehyde can be used around many fruit and vegetable 

 crops, as long as the edible parts are not contaminated. The bait can be used between 

 the rows of a crop like strawberries, as long as care is taken to avoid contaminating I 



