These beetles will lay eggs in the soil. They overwinter and produce the rootworms 

 for the 1974 crop. Some indication of the 1974 potential can be determined by count- 

 ing the beetles present in August. However, do not count the adults per ear to de- 

 termine potential for 1974 rootworms for at least another two weeks. 



SOYBEANS INSECTS 



Green cloverworms can be found in some fields. These green worms with white stripes 

 are the ones that spring by arching their bodies when disturbed. They also run very 

 rapidly. They eat the soybean foliage. At present, most of these worms are small, 

 but worms with the eggs of parasitic flies on their backs are not common. A fungus 

 disease that kills these worms will not be seen unless we have a rainfall and high 

 humidity. 



Normally, 6 worms per foot of row are considered damaging. We will reduce that to 3 

 or 4 this year. Hold plants over the middle of the row and shake them vigorously. 

 Count the worms on the ground. 



If the beans are between early blossom and early pod fill, a loss of 40 to 50 percent 

 of the leaf surface was economic at prices of a few years ago. Perhaps we can reduce 

 that figure for 1973. If much foliage loss is occurring from insect feeding, you may 

 want to apply carbaryl or malathion to control the leaf -feeding soybean insects , par- 

 ticularly if the beans are between early blossom and early pod fill. 



Cabbage loopers are much more common this year than for the past several years. They 

 have been abundant on cabbage, green beans, lima beans, peas, and tomatoes. They may 

 appear on soybeans . Do not confuse them with green cloverworms . These loopers are 

 inchworms that move slowly and deliberately. It is unlikely that carbaryl, malathion, 

 or toxaphene will control them. Naled (Dibrom) will provide control, and is regis- 

 tered for use on soybeans with a four-day interval from application to harvest. Bacil- 

 lus thwingiensis (Biotrol, Dipel, and Thuricide) will control these loopers in cab- 

 bage, but there is no label clearance for use on soybeans. 



Black cutworms have been very severe on late beans and on corn in the flood plain of 

 the Mississippi River on the Missouri side. We have had moderate to severe infesta- 

 tions in a limited acreage on the Illinois side of the river, as well as on the over- 

 flow land of the Illinois River. Black cutworms prefer corn or grass crops for food, 

 but will not hesitate to eat soybeans when grass crops are not available. 



They have been difficult to control because in the dry soil, they have been two to 

 three inches below the surface. No controls have been highly effective. Fortunately, 

 their number is now decreasing. 



Leafhoppers have been reported on soybeans. They are in the nymphal or wingless stage, 

 are tiny, and are light green to yellow. Most commonly they are found on the under- 

 sides of the leaves. We rarely advise control because they have never injured pubes- 

 cent or hairy-leafed soybeans, which are our common varieties. Leafhoppers will dam- 

 age glabrous or smooth- leafed varieties. 



If you feel that control is needed, either carbaryl or malathion will be adequate, 

 the same as for cloverworms. 



HOMEOWNER INSECTS 



Striped cucumber beetles have been observed in many home gardens and in commercial 

 plantings of vine crops. They carry a bacteria that causes a bacterial wilt on the 



