PREFACE yiJ 



chapters were under the general direction of Dr. Henry C. 

 Cowles, while those of the remaining chapters were pro- 

 vided by Dr. Otis W. Caldwell. In this work Dr. Caldwell 

 had the very efficient assistance of S. M. Coulter, B. A. Gold- 

 berger, J. G. Land, and A. C. Moore, whose names appear 

 in connection with the drawings they furnished. Grateful 

 acknowledgment should also he made to Dr. W. J. Beal, 

 whose little book entitled Seed Dispersal furnished several 

 illustrations ; and to Professor George F. Atkinson, whose 

 excellently illustrated Elementary Botany performed a like 

 service. Both of these authors are credited in coniiection 

 with the illustrations used from their works. The fine 

 illustrations from Kerner and from Schimper, and from 

 other authors, will also be recognized ; but their names will 

 ^11 be found in the legends. 



John M. Coulter. 

 The Fniversity of Chicago. Jmii;, lOOij. 



