REPKODUCTIVE ORGANS 



121 



ages of various kinds, which lay hold of animals brushing 

 past, and so the seeds are dispersed. Common illustrations 

 are Spanish needles, beggar ticks, stick seeds, burdock, etc. 

 Study Figs. U-i, 125, 120, 127, 128, 129, 130. 



Fig. 1'J8. Fruits with grappling appendages. That to the left is agrimony; that to 

 the right is Otr/iuin.—2\.ftfLT Kernek. 



In still other cases the fruit becomes pulpy, and attrac- 

 tive as food to certiiin birds or mammals. ?\I;my of tlie 

 seeds (such :is those of grapes) may be able to resist tiie 

 attacks of the digestive liuids and escape from the alimen- 

 tary tract in a ci.imlition to germinate. As if to tittrtict the 

 attention of fruit-eating aninuils, fleshy fruits usually 

 become brightly col- 

 ored when ripe, so that 

 they are phiinly seen 

 in contrast witli the 

 foliage. 



82. Dispersal of pol- 

 len spores by insects. — 

 The transfer of pollen, 



the name applied to ^"- ^~^- ^'"'^^ ""*> grappling appendages. 

 ■'■ -^ The figure to the left is cocklebur ; that to the 



Certaiu spores of seed- right is burdock.— After Kerser. 



