278 



PLANT ,STL;])IKS 



Here must prohahly l>e included tlie \'eiist-fun,i;-i (Fig. 

 24S), so comiuonly used to excite alcoholic fermentation. 



&% 









sf4» 







VV. -iir. Thr roniin..ll ulil.lr liH.lvl lM,,l'r)ull,l 

 ,s,-iil,i,lil}. 'I'lir stnicliiiv sIh.uii an. I iisr.l 

 .-.■prc'SfTlts Ihi' .■|SC.]cai'p, I lir .|r|,icssjniis of 



wliDsi- siirfarc ai-(^ liiii'd willi asci laiiitain- 

 \\\'i asc"S|...rrs -Ariel' Chimin- 



Kic, :.>ts. Yeast (alls, rrfnn- 

 (liiriiie by biuiiiiiiL,', and 

 rorniin;; cbaiiis, — I,.\ni». 



The " yeast cells '" seem to lie conidia haviiig a peculiar l>ud- 

 ding method of multiplication, and the i-cmai-kahle [K.iwer 

 of ex(^iting alcoholii' fermeiitutiou in suo-ai'v soluti<iiis. 



I). ,E('IliI()MY('l"l'I';S {J^Jridilinl-P'lliiiji) 



ISCj. General characters. — This is a, large group of very 

 deslructive [lara.sites known as "-rusts" and "smuts." The 

 rusts atta(dv particularly the lea\'cs of liiglier plants, pro- 

 ducing rusty spots, the whca.t rust pi-olia.hlv heing tlu' liest 

 kuowii. The smids es])ccially attaid< the gi'a.sses, aiul are 

 very iujurious to I'ci-cals, pi-oduciug in the heads of oats, 

 Ijarley, wheat, coru, etc., the disease called siuut. 



