236 STONE IN THE BLADDER 



part between each joint is one and a quarter inch in length, and 

 one and a half in circumference, the moveable part being ten 

 inches, and the solid part two feet two inches. The joints are 

 on the principle of a half joint, so that the moveable part 

 would only act in a straight line, or curve in one direction. 

 The joints are perfectly rounded and smooth when acting either 

 in a straight line or a curve. It is represented both in its 

 straight and curved state in the following cuts. 



Fig. 32. 



Many horses occasionally void a considerable quantity of 

 gravel, sometimes without inconvenience, and at others with 

 evident spasm or pain. A diuretic might be useful in such 

 case, as increasing the flow of urine, and possibly washing out 

 the concretions before they become too numerous or buUcy. 



The urine having passed the neck of the bladder, flows along 

 the urethra, and is discharged. The sheath of the penis is 

 sometimes considerably enlarged. When at the close of acute 

 disease, there are swellings and efiusions of fluid, under the 

 chest and belly, this part seldom escapes. Diuretics, with a 

 small portion of cordial medicine, will be beneficial, but in ex- 

 treme cases shght scarifications may be necessary. The inside 

 of the sheath is often the seat of disease. The mucous matter, 

 naturally secreted there to defend the part from the acrimony 

 of the urine, accumulates and becomes exceedingly ofiensive, 

 and produces swelling, tenderness, and even excoriation, with 

 considerable discharge. Fomentation with warm water, and the 

 cleansing of the part with soap and water, aided perhaps by the 

 administration of a diuretic, ball, will speedily remove every in- 

 convenience. 



