546 SHEEP INDUSTRY OF THE UNITED STATES 



In 1869 Jacob Morrow, of Licking County, founded a flock by the 

 purchase of 9 ewes from Jacob Winter, of the same county. These 

 ewes were bred in Vermont; 8 by George Campbell and 1 by Edwin 

 Hammond. The ram used was bred by Edwin Hammond. 



Many other flocks were formed from 1863 to 1869; some of them were 

 dispersed after the fall in wool in 1865; some held on a short time aft^- 

 wards, while others became so mixed with baser blood that they lost 

 their distinctive character of Spanish Merino sheep. The many pure- 

 bred flocks, raised almost exclusively for breeding purposes, served as 

 the foundation for many high-grade flocks of great excellence. A supe- 

 rior class of grades was raised by taking the common old-fashioned ewes 

 of the country of no particular breed or characteristics, and crossing 

 with the oUy, heavy-shearing, well-developed Vermont Merino ram, and 

 following up the offspring with a cross of the same character. By two 

 or three such crosses a good, square built, heavy shearing sheep was 

 produced about as profitable for the average farmer as the full-blooded 

 Merino. 



The introduction of the full-blooded Saxony Merino into Ohio is not 

 definitely known, but it was soon after their first importation into the 

 United States in 1825-'26, and their dissemination was rapid, especially 

 after the tariff act of 1828. Wells and Dickinson finally encouraged 

 the breeding of them, and nearly all the Spanish Merino and common 

 flocks of the State were crossed by them or their grade descendants. 

 The stocks were obtained from Vermont, Connecticut, Kew York, and 

 western Pennsylvania, and in a few cases from the flock of Mark E. 

 Cockrell, of Tennessee. The breaking up of the Wells and Dickinson 

 flocks in 1829-'30 scattered some of the high grades throughout eastern 

 and northern Ohio. In 1830 William An way, of Seneca County, intro- 

 duced some full-bloods from the flock of Henry D. Orove, Hoosick, N. 

 T., which was bred nearly pure as late as 1860, when it numbered 

 nearly 700. J. Baker, of the same county, and at about the same time, 

 introduced them from New York, and in 1836 E. Y. Stickney intro- 

 duced them from Vermont. Many large flocks in Seneca and adjoining 

 counties owed their foundation to these flocks. In 1830 W. E. Putnam, 

 of Marietta, Washington County, began a flock by purchases in western 

 Pennsylvania, and in the same year B. Dana, of the same county, started 

 a flock from the western Pennsylvania stock, which flock was bred 

 entirely from Saxon rams until 1859, when it was crossed with the Sile- 

 sian Merino. These flocks and other direct purchases from western 

 Pennsylvania and Jefferson County laid the foundation of numerous 

 full-blood and grade flocks in southeastern Ohio. In 1883 T. Ealey, of 

 Columbiana County, brought a small flock from New York and added 

 to it by purchases of the Washington County, Pa., stock. Joseph 

 Sogers, of the same county, introduced some from New York, and in 

 1838 N. H. Armstrong, also of Columbiana, started a flock by purchases 

 in Dutchess County, N. Y. But the choicest flock of Columbiana was 

 that of Jghn Hisey, started in 1850, They were imported from Baron 



